DISTRIBUTION OF AIRBORNE RADIOACTIVITY
WITH PARTICLE SIZE

LUTHER B, LOCKHART, JR., ROBERT L. PATTERSON, JR.,
and ALLEN W, SAUNDERS, JR.
U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D. C.

ABSTRACT
Particle-size resolution of radioactive particles has been obtained by ~

use of a filter-pack technique wherein atmospheric air containing ra-

dioactive aerosol particles successively transits a series of filters of
increasing retentivity for Small particles. From the relative amounts

of radioactivity collected on the various filters and a knowledgeof the
retentivity characteristics of the filters as a function of particle size,

information can be obtained on the size distribution of the radioactive
particles.
Following the termination of atmospheric testing of nuclear de-

vices in December 1962, fission-product radioactivity was observed
to become associated with particles of smaller average size. Within a

matter of months, however, this trend ended, but large short-term
differences continue to be observed. Radiochemical analysis of mate-

rial collected by three-filter packs during 1963 and 1964 showed no

gross evidence of isotopic fractionation with size; however, some dit_

ferences in composition were noted between the largest and the smallest size fractions.
It is

concluded that nuclear debris from a stratospheric source

becomes associated with the relatively large nonradioactive aerosols

characteristic of the tropospheric air by the time the debris arrives at
ground level. The resulting particles have an average size between 0.3

and 1.0 u in diameter (assuming spherical particles of 1.8 g/cm®

density) and a rather restricted particle-size distribution.

119

Select target paragraph3