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INTERNAL DEPOSITION OF RADIONUCLIDES
and the analysis at 4 months represents only
radiological decay, Thus, the results are not
directly comparable to those obtained from animals which were returned alive, and in which

biological turnover as well as radiological decay
were operating.
|
The largest fraction of the gross beta activity
in the fish was contributed by the concentration
of radioactive inaterin] in the viscera. In two
of the fish in which bones and muscle were separated and analysed, equal amounts of activity
were found jin each fraction.

Wowever, the

storage of these fish in formaldehyde for 3
months may have permitted the diffusion of
the radioelements from bone to muscle to take
place. Furtherstudies on fresh fish will clarify
this point.
The contamination of the Ash in the lagoon

was considerably greater than that of the Jand
aniinals studied. As fish form a Jarwe staple
item in the diet of the Marshallese, the high
level of contamination is important.
At the end of a 214-month experimental
period, the excretion by the chickens of both

beta and gammaactivity per 24+ hours was 5

percent of the value measured at the start at 37

days post detonation (Fig. 5.1).
-Analysis of pig excreta indicated a
decrease of activity with time. In a
period, the gamma activity excreted
hours decreased to about 2.5 percent of

similar
G-week
per 24
the ac-

tivity excreted at 44 days post detonation,

The excreta of the pigs from Utirik contained

less than 10 percent of the gross beta activity
found in the excreta of the pigs from Rongelap
at thesame time. This ratio of 10 was approximately the same ratio found between the activity of the food, water andsoil samples of the
two locations.
Radiochemical Analysts of Tissues and Fxereta, Radiochemical analysis of pig tissues
indicated that 62 percent of the skeletal beta
activity was derived from Sr", 7 percent from
I3a**, and 10 percent from the rare earth group
at 82 days post detonation (Table 5,8). The

radioisotopic composition of the urine at this

time wassimilar to that of the skeleton. ‘The
distribution of activity in the body of the pig

900218b

§1

nay representthe distribution in human beings.

The absolute amount of internal contamination

‘in the Rongelap people was, however, only 2
tenth of that found in the animals.
At 4 months post detonation, the alkaline
earths comprisedless than 2 percent of the total
activity in the clam (Table 5.10). The rare
earth group constituted 33 percent of the total
beta activity. The balance of the activity was
contributed chiefly by Zr (21 percent) and
Rus (32 percent). About 40 percent of the
material found in the viscera of the fish was
of the rare earth group. Very smal] amounts
of strontium and barium were found. In the
tissues of the fish, strontium, barium and the
rare earths contributed only abort 10 percent uf
the total activity.
5.43.

Autoradiographs

A number of autoradiographs of the tibine
and femurs of 1 chick, 4 pigs. I rooster and 2
chickens were prepared both at the TSNRDI.
and at the Argonne National Laboratory
(ANJ.) to determine the pattern of deposition
of fission products. Contact printing on A-ray
no-screen film was found to be the most satisfactory method of preparing, the autoradio-

eraphs.

The discussion and conclusions pre-|

sented below summarize the findings reported
by Norris (15).
The autoradiograph of a tibia from a chicken
sacrificed at 45 days post detonation (Fig. 4.2)
indicated a relatively uniform distribution of
the activity throughout most of the bone, with
the highest concentration of activityin the area
adjacent to the epiphysis. This area of high
activity corresponds to an area of dense, trabecular bone.
The tibia and femur of a baby clfick, which
died spontaneously 47 days post detonation,
showed the heaviest concentration of radioactive material in the diaphysis (Fjg. 3.3). The
end regions of the bone, which were laid down
after the animals were removed from the contaminated environment, were relatively lacking
inactivity. The region of ereatest activity was
in the diaphysis, which appeared to be ab-

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