GEEE
R T. op

er

E, Operational plans for services such asfengineering, fire,
Police, rescue and wardens must provide flexibillty and
versatility.

The radiation situation may requir@

that personnel

of such services for a time perform duties otherfthan those for
which they &re primarily trained, or may deny tha

performance of

those duties.

F. The term "shelter" as distinguished frdm

"cover"

is used

to mean construction which is sufficient to affo

substantial

protection to persons within it, from blast, the

1 effects, and

initial and residual radiation.

"Cover" refers

structures which

will offer protection from radioactive fallout,

yond the range of

other effects.
G. Since fallout progresses over & considefPable period of
time and its path can usually be predicted within] broad limits,

in

contrast with the almost instantaneous blast and

fhermal effects,

eivil defense countermeasures can be adjusted to

fhe developing

situation and thereby greatly increase survival clances.
H. Any evacuation plan to avoid the blast
must take into account the availability of shelteg

g@nd thermal effects
or cover, the

speed of movement which can be achieved and the pdssibility of
identifying areas of relative safety with reasonatle accuracy.
Beyond the probable range of blast and thermal effects, the
emphasis should be placed on advising people to seek the most

effective cover available (see para V. B 2) and td

remain there

until the radiation outside has fallen to safe le

is.

I.

People must be informed concerning the

ture of the

danger and the measures which they can take, inclufling personal
Gecontamination.

Standing tnstructions must be prgpared and

4ssned by civil defense officials establishing thel procedures
which are

to be carried

out,

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