UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION WASHINGTON, 0.C. 20545 JAN 2G 1973 Chairman Schlesinger Commissioner Ramey | Commissioner Larson Commissioner Doub Commissioner Ray THRU: \ cenerayfanaser ENIWETOK RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY This memorandum provides information regarding current activities on Eniwetok Atoll. These activities concern the surveys essential to the cleanup, rehabilitation, and resettlement of the atoll in connection with the announced return of Eniwetok to the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (TTPI). In April 1947 the United Nations formally designated the former Japanese Pacific Mandates (Eniwetok included) as Trust Territories to be administered by the United States. Upon written notification to the U.N., Eniwetok was designated a nuclear testing site in December 1947, with the first test series there, SANDSTONE, being conducted in the spring of 1948. Prior to SANDSTONE, the Eniwetok people, about 136 in number, were moved by the United States to Ujelang Atoll where they still reside, although their number has now increased to about 432. Additional test series were conducted in the atoll during the years 1951 (GREENHOUSE), 1952 (IVY), 1954 (CASTLE), 1956 (REDWING), and 1958 (HARDTACK - PHASE I). The last of 43 tests was in July 1958. All teste have been listed publicly. Geographic location of the atoll is shown in Figure 1. Its remoteness suggests inherent costly operations to accomplish the necessary surveys and subsequent cleanup. Figure 2 identifies the islands of the atoll and general location of the nuclear tests conducted. DOE ARCHIVES On April 18, 1972, High Commissioner Johnston and Ambassador Williams jointly announced the intention of the United States to return Eniwetok Atoll to the TTPI subject to retention of some minor residual rights. Subsequently, the Department of Interior (DOI), Department of Defense (DOD), and AEC determined that a comprehensive and coordinated program to survey and clean up Eniwetok Atoll must be undertaken to make Eniwetok habitable. The program was divided into three phases: (1) Pre-cleanup Radiological and Engineering Survey, (2) Cleanup, and (3) Rehabilitation