RADIATION AND MAN
External Exposure

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While mankind has lived for probably millions of years in a naturally
radioactive environment, it has only been since the creation of artificial
sources of radioactivity such as

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bombs that

X-raymachines, atomic reactors, and nuclear

man-made radioactivity has presented an increased danger individually

As discussed in this report,

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or on a mass basis to man,
external exposure from nuclear devices

or fallout from their explosion will be mainly considered, although the
effects are the same whether from bombs, reactor accidents, or medical
overexposures,
As mentioned before, one peculiar quality of radiation is its ability
to “ionize,” that is, the ability of a particle to pass through material
and disrupt the atom arrangements,

Particularly dangerous in the area

of external exposure are neutrons and gamma rays, since they are very penetrating
and can actually pass through the human body, leaving in their path ionized
atoms.

In effect, the thousands of these particles which pass through the

human body may disrupt hundreds or thousands of atoms comprising the molecules
of the body's cells--its basic building blocks,
In regard to low exposure to whole-body

a

Most data about such exposure is limited to that of from 50 rads

up to thousands of rads.

~—_——

is known,

(total body) radiation, little

30 days, although at the upper end it approaches the LD-50 range,

From 50 to about 300 rads would he considered a sublethal dose within

dependent upon available treatment.

This is also

This means that it is not likely for

death to occur; however, within this range a number of "acute" or severe effects,

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