BEEER BEERES 57 phantom which has been loaded with the radionuclides in que stion. Obviously, the whole~body counter comes closest to giving : direct measurement of the body-content. The collected data obtaineH with it are presented in Tables N.7, #1, #2, and #3. In the case of radionuclides that emit beta rays (strontfium-90 or alpha particles (transuranics), whose range in tissue beforp absorption may be at most a centimeter or so down to some micrometers, another method must be used. Recourse is had fo measuring the daily radionuclide excretion in the urine. The body content is then calculated from knowledge of the metabolism of the radionuclide in question. This method is not as reliable = whole-body counting. Fortunately in the present case the datection of strontium and the transuranic elements is not as important as the detection of cesiun. the metabolism of the radionuclide than would be the case : The Livermore results are based on this method. Conversely, knowing the daily urinary output of a rad it is possible to calculate the daily intake by ingestion. For example, based on the work of Jones et al (1985), Skrable é¢ al (1987) and Moss (1988), Dr. E. T. Lessard of the Brookhaver Laboratory has calculated the factors for plutonium-239 give Table N.4 # 4. When the daily intake is multiplied by the the urinary output is obtained. Conversely, when the urin: is known, dividing it by the factor will predict the daily fi The Jones and Moss alternatives are offered; at 20-30 year constant diet, they differ by a factor of 1.75. I used the Moss-based factor for the calculations used in the text, Sé 4.3, because it corrects for earlier errors in the data badge which Jones did not know about. (Cont.) TT ER er i Ret T eer aEa ..