JS cates some of the changes characteristic of these benign nodules. In one case (No. 33), in addition to adenomatoid nodules there also was present a Hurthle’s cell adenoma. In another case (No. 61}, one pathologist remarked that ‘‘some observers might regard the large noduleas follicular adenoma.” In subject No. 59, a 46-year-old woman who had received less than half the radiation dose of the other cases with nodules, there was a solitan adenomatous nodule, well circumscribed, and the surrounding thyroid tissue was normal in appearance. This was in contrast to the other cases in whom the glands were almost enturely abnormal in appearance. A 41-year-old woman (No. 64) had a mixed papillary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid with localized metastasis to a blood vessel and lymph node (Figure 26). Following complete thyroidectomy by surgery and therapeutic '''] no recurrenceorfurther metastasis has been noted. In September 1966, at Tripler General Hospital, Hawaii, thyroid uptake studies following TSH stimulation (10 units daily for 2 days), thyroid scans, and skeletal surveys for metastasis showed absenceof the thyroid and no detectable metastasis.* Thyroid Function Tests Related to Thyroid Abnormalities and Growth Retardation In Table 20 the cases with thyroid abnormali- ties are listed along with the growth status of chil- dren and results of thyroid function tests. The re- Figure 24 Benign thyroid nodules at surgery. Top exposed thyrord with arrows potnting 10 nodules. Bottom sectioned eland from another case Note multinodular, oxsticl and hemorrhagic nature of gland. Microscopic Appearance. The microscopic ap- pearance of all the benign nodular glands in the children was characteristic of adenomatous goiter and varied mainly in the degree of change. The architecture of the gland was disrupted by the nodules of widely varving sizes. Some of the nodules contained mucrofollicular elements with and without colloid, others were atrophic, some contained large cvsts with colloid, some with hemor- sults of kinetic analysis of '’*I tests are given in Table 21. Two 12-year-old boys (No. 5 and No. 3) who had been exposed at 15 and 18 monthsofage respectively have had the greatest retardation of growth and development. Subject No. 3 had shown no change in bone maturation since 1961 and until recently had the bone age of a 3-vear old child. The bone age of No. 5 has shown continuing slow growth and in 1965 was 3!% years Both these boys in 1965 had the height of normal 7-year old Marshallese boys. Their dwarfism was particularly evident in comparison with vounge! siblings who weretaller than they. In 14965 it was found tha: in both cases the levels of proteinbound iodine had dropped below2 ye’. Before that me, they had levels considered to be in the normal range, and there was no reason torelate rhage, and sull others showed extensive prolifera- their dwarfism to hypothyroidism. With the development of the low PBIs they showed definite viving an Varboreal” appearance Figure 29 ind. ring out these examina bons hon of the epitheltal lavers with marked infoldine. *We are grateful to Major Ronald Mloore MIC USN tor car