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A study of total 8 activity and radiostrontium in rain water was undertaken at the Health and

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William R. Collins, Jr., and Naomi A. Hallden
Health and Safety Laboratory

Sytill Sk, cet eleetna Fmt

A STUDY OF FALLOUT IN RAINFALL COLLECTIONS
FROM MARCH THROUGH JULY 1956"

Safety Laboratory (HASL) during the Spring of 1956. At that time a survey of atmospheric

aerosols and the elemental constituents of rainfall was being conducted by the Cloud Physics
Section of the Air Force Cambridge Research Center. The samplesfrom the network of

stations were analyzed by a contractor, Skinner and Sherman, of Boston, Mass. HASL re-

ceived a part of the total month’s sample from eachsite, if there was sufficient sample for

1
1.1

PROCEDURES
Collection
The rain collection devices consisted of 1-liter polyethylene bottles equipped with wide-

mouthed funnels that presented a surface area of 0.56 sq ft to the atmosphere. The whole

1.2

Analysis

When each sample was received at HASL, the volume was measured and the solution
acidified.? Then the sample was evaporated to a small volume, transferred to a glass planchet,
and dried for beta counting. This residue was fused with sodium carbonate and the strontium
separated with fuming nitric acid. The sample was then stored to allow the Sr*® to equilibrate
with its yttrium daughter. At this stage the yttrium was separated andprecipitated as the
oxalate for beta counting.
The Sr*® was determined from the counting rate of Y°°, and the Sr® was determined by

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assembly was enclosed in a wooden container designed to be opened manually during rain and
closed at other times. Figure 1 is a diagram of this apparatus as it was usedin thefield.!

1.3

Reporting

The Sr’® and total 6B activity are reported in units of millicuries per square mile per
month. These values were calculated from the original counting data (disintegrations per

minute per aliquot) using the formula,
*Issued as USAEC Report NYO-4889.,

339

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counting total strontium and subtracting the Sr*° result.

*

Sampling covered the period from March through July 1956 for 61 stations within the continental United States, Bermuda, Newfoundland, and the Azores. The original purpose of the
study at HASL was to correlate the amount of fallout in rainfall with the estimate of total fallout
from gummed film measurements.

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both laboratories to run analyses.

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