-~3-

produced.

At this rate the decrease in activity from one

hour after to 343 hours after (approximately two weeks) is
a thousandfold.
greater than,

The half life of some isotopes will be

and of other isotopes,

therefore as time elapses,

less than the average;

the rate of decline of the radio-

activity of the mixture of fission products decreases.

Radioisotopes cannot be destroyed by any means.

Only by

the natural process of decay can isotopes change from the
radioactive to the stable state.
Radioactivity cannot be detected by the normal
senses of sight,

sound,

touch or odor,

either.

However,

nuclear radiations are capable of ionizing matter through
which they pass,

and as a result of this process radioac-

tivity can be detected and measured by means of electronic
devices.

In the case of a nuclear radiation passing through

a gas (or matter),

the electrical field accompanying the

passage of the alpha or beta particle or gamma photon dislodges an electron from the gas atom or molecule and thereby

changes an electrically balanced atom or molecule into an
ion pair -- a positive ion,
electron.

the gas,

and a negative ion,

This process is known as ionization and is the

most significant characteristic of nuclear radiations.

the

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