Hugh S, Pratt, M.D.

September 6, 1979

Pege 2

newspapers,
vould probabl y be apprupriate for editorial page publication in major
rofessio
nal
only
but
nonPr
by
tions
presenta
similar
carries
since the L.A. Times often

I don't mean to recommend an extensive crash PR prog arteat ny
writers.
to suggest that a number of causes could well be served by 3 co sere
wide dissemination of the findings of these studies past an preee 5 ane

- «ts
It would certainly be to our bene it
contemplated for the future.
rep
negative
awaiting
than
rather
tions
presenta
ive
public
informat
forth
to which we must react.

‘

As a surgical pathologist (among other avocations), J have personally been a
y
puzzled by some of the pathological diagnoses rendered in the past, princip
in regard to thyroid specimens.
The diagnosis and classification of pyper

Plastic and neoplastic lesions of the thyroid remains an area of considerable
difficulty and controversy, and it is not clear, reading the Marshallese
8

literature, that all of these have been evaluated in a consistent and systema ic

fashion.

This is certainly not to question the ability of the responsible

pathologists, many of whom are obviously recognized and respected authorities.
Rather it is a reflection of the controversial nature of this area of pathology

that some of the diagnostic terms used in some previous reports would not now

be acceptable in a number of other, equally prominent, medical centers.

For

example, on page 44 of the 20-year report it states that "many of the (thyroid)
adenomas were papillary, but all except two....were considered benign.”
In a
mumber of institutions, including UCLA, a papillary tumor of the thyroid is
considered malignant by definition, since meticulous and thorough evaluation
of such lesicns almost invariably reveals at least local invasion.

With this in mind, I would strongly recommend the following: (1) A central
repository of all pathological materials (operative reports, photographs,

wet specimens, paraffin blocks, slides, path reports) should be established

at Brookhaven rather than have these scattered among Tripler, Cleveland,
Boston and wherever else they may be.
(2) These materials should be reviewed
by a number of recognized authorities empaneled specifically to establish

consistent criteria for their evaluation and diagnosis, principally the
thyroid lesions.
(3) A relatively rigid protocol for handling all future
Specimens should be derived by consensus within the panel and adopted
for
future specimens,

A related area also deserves to be more thoroughly evaluat
ed in the exposed

populations. There is increasing evidence that radiation to
the neck region,
in doses comparable to those.in the Marshallese, is associa
ted with a high
incidence of primary hyperparathyroidisn, principally seconda
ry to induction

' Of parathyroid adenomas but also because of diffuse
hyperplasia.
The operative
reports and pathologic materials on those patients
receiving thyroidectomies or

neck explorations should be reviewed with this in mind,
and we should consider
frequent measurements of serum calcium to detect
preclinical hyperparathyroid

States.
A team member should become proficient in the
technique of fine-needle
- aspiration biopsy, thereby providing the
team with a supplementary capacity for

in-field tissue diagnosis of any palpable masses,
whether they be

in thyroid,
breast or elsewhere.
These techniques are now well established,
medical
ly
accepted, and, in experienced hands, have
very low incidences of false negatives
with virtual
ly no false positives.

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