114
RADIOLOGICAL CLEANUP OF ENEWETAK ATOLL
Planning and Programming
115
CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS: SEPTEMBER 1976
It was planned that the Enewetak Atoll Cleanup Project would be
accomplished by a JTG consisting of a Commander (CJTG) whoreported
TASKonoup
DRILENEWETAK
REPRESENTATIVE
COMMANDER
to Field Command, a Headquarters Element (HQ JTG), elements from
1
1
,
the three Military Services, and ERDA (Figure 2-6).243 Most of the
changes that the Joint Staff made to the final CONPLAN were minor;
however, one led to serious command and control problems during the
project. DNA had recommended that the CJTG be in command of the
DOUTTP
Military Service Elements on the Atoll. At the insistence of the Navy JCS
representative, the CJTG was given “‘supervisory authority”’ rather than
om ONSITE
LtAISON
ERDA
REPRESENTATIVE 1
RAD LABSPT
command over the Military Service Elements of the JTG. ‘‘Supervisory
authority’’ was uniquely defined by the Joint Staff for this one project as ‘‘
20
. .the detailed and local direction and control of movements or maneuvers
necessary to accomplish missions or tasks assigned.’’244 This ambiguous
and limiting phrase caused considerable confusion and resulted in many
management problems and other adverse effects on cleanup operations
(described in later chapters).
ADMINISTRATICN
ENGINEERING
DIVISION
DIVISION
RAD CONTROL
LOGISTICS
DIVISION
DIVISION
D-Day was designated as the day base camp construction and
_|
SECURITY
OIVISION
radiological field surveys would begin. According to the CONPLAN
schedule (Figure 2-7), construction materials and supplies for base camp
construction were scheduled to be ordered at D-3 months. After D-Day, 2
®
months were scheduled for rehabilitation of the base camp at Enewetak
Island and erection of a temporary camp at Lojwa Island (Ursula). Actual
cleanup operations were to begin at D+ 2 monthsandlast approximately 2
years, including cleanup of the base camps and worksites at Runit, Lojwa,
and Enewetak. One month was scheduled for demobilization of personnel
and materiel.245
wees
The schedule was based on simultaneous efforts by a Navy Harbor
Clearance Team to remove debris below the high-tide line and three Army
engineer teams to remove and dispose of other debris and contaminated
soil. Team A would be based at Enewetak Camp and accomplish cleanup of
the noncontaminated southern islands. Team B would be based at Lojwa
Camp and accomplish cleanup of the northern islands, including
noncontaminated hazards and contaminatedsoil and hazards. Team also
would be based at Lojwa Camp and would accomplish the containment of
radioactive debris and soil in the crater on Runit (Figure 2-8).246 Before
SOT ray
preparations, including quarrying and crushing aggregate, constructing a
dike or mole to minimize the effect of tides and seas, and setting up the
batch plant and other facilities. It was anticipated that before these
preparations were finished, Team B would havecompleted soil cleanup on
all islands except Runit, thereby providing a stockpile of about 30,000
cubic yards—sufficient to begin containment operations. 247
a
COMM-ELECT
CHAPLAIN
TEAM
TEAM
a
‘
i
HELICOPTER
1s
HARBOR
CLEARANCE
TEAM 0
FINANCE
TEAM ;
fs
fs
AM
|
ABBREVIATIONSFCONA - Fields Command, Deterse
Nuciear Anoncy
DRI CNEWETAK . Enewetak Peropts
DOL Department af the Interine
TEFL. Trust Territorty Paestic Inland
RAD LAR SPT Radiological
paoratory Support
EROA Energy Research and
Development Adouniarration
LEGEND
en COMMAND
- ee ee ee COORD
INATION
SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY
FIGURE 2-6. ENEWETAK ATOLL PROP
OSED JOINT TASK GROUP.