Copy COPY $3- cory CoPY N7HE FOLLOWING ARTICLE WAS IR EPARED BY DR. FHILIY HELFRICH O; THs HAVATI DOISTITUTE OF MARINES SIOLOGY AND IS PASSED ON FOR YOUR INFORMATION ANDGUIDACh," DANGEaRIUS HARING AVLALS OF ENIWSTOK # Marine animals dangerous to man at miwetok fall invo tures categories: those that (1) bit, (2) Sting, and (3) are danserous to eat. Sharks ar2 the principal nasard in the first category. Although barracuda and groupers have also been known to attack nan. rloray eels cam be dangerous and are capable of inflictine debilitabin,z wounds. A nuaber of animals have svinzging apparatus, fhe dorsal soines (scines on the back) of stonefish, scorpion Lisa, turxey fish and related species contain a venom sac and cm inflict a danzerous and painful wound. All corals and jeblifish contain stinging cells, ana contact with then may result in their discharze into the skin of tha nerson touchins thems; the results vary fro. mild discomfort to sever shocks Several of the local cone shells contsin a venom a.varates tuat is fired from the narrow end of the shell. Sea urchins, fire worms, rabbit fish and surgeon fish are anong the other animals with poisonous spines." HeN.7 "Fish that are danrero28 to eat include pufferfish and toosea containing Ciguatera poison. All oulferfish (also called balloon fisn, blowfisn, and fugu) have a poisonous sland whic:. if not carefully removed can contaninare the flesh of the fish. it is recommended that personnel avoid eating tnaese fish undar any circuastaices, "Cisuatera fish poisoning is perplexing because it affects fish that are normally zood food Fishes, and the condition waxes and wanes. Ciyvuatera is believed to start by fish eatin: a poisonous alzas (Sos plait or Linu) and the poison is passed on throuch the food chain. if e condition occurs (sersons havo been toisoned by ci,uatera at Sniwetok) should be hesasas the following points (1) The large fish are nore poisonous than smaller fish. (2) Tha liver and guts are much more voisonous tnan the flesh. (3) Freezing, boiling, or processing does not destroy the poison. (4) The species most likely to be poisonous are: RED SUAPak BARRACUDA GROUP oi DLACK LLEA (2¥aR YO Lb) MORAY &BEL5 oR ASean Snecies may be poisonous but usually not. Orint OCBAN FISH SUCH AS UNA, BACMTO, WANOO, MAHTMAN(, AID .SLLPIGH ARS USVIt aPF .CTED BY eek CIGUATS SRA. Ags a rule of the thumb the silvery-blus reef fish are not affected by cizguatera, seep nspaeegreaeaetraeeeece eres seaseeavnges underlining, my own. ote: I obtained the orivinal of this report on Enewetak in October, L972. JeAsgte lr ee 1