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N7HE FOLLOWING ARTICLE WAS IR EPARED BY DR. FHILIY HELFRICH O; THs
HAVATI DOISTITUTE OF MARINES SIOLOGY AND IS PASSED ON FOR YOUR INFORMATION
ANDGUIDACh,"
DANGEaRIUS HARING AVLALS OF ENIWSTOK
# Marine animals dangerous to man at miwetok fall invo tures categories:
those that (1) bit, (2) Sting, and (3) are danserous to eat.
Sharks ar2 the principal nasard in the first category. Although barracuda
and groupers have also been known to attack nan. rloray eels cam be dangerous
and are capable of inflictine debilitabin,z wounds.
A nuaber of animals have svinzging apparatus, fhe dorsal soines (scines on
the back) of stonefish, scorpion Lisa, turxey fish and related species contain a venom sac and cm inflict a danzerous and painful wound. All corals
and jeblifish contain stinging cells, ana contact with then may result in
their discharze into the skin of tha nerson touchins thems; the results vary
fro. mild discomfort to sever shocks Several of the local cone shells contsin
a venom a.varates tuat is fired from the narrow end of the shell. Sea urchins,
fire worms, rabbit fish and surgeon fish are anong the other animals with
poisonous spines."
HeN.7
"Fish that are danrero28 to eat include pufferfish and toosea containing
Ciguatera poison. All oulferfish (also called balloon fisn, blowfisn, and
fugu) have a poisonous sland whic:. if not carefully removed can contaninare
the flesh of the fish. it is recommended that personnel avoid eating tnaese
fish undar any circuastaices,
"Cisuatera fish poisoning is perplexing because it affects fish that
are normally zood food Fishes, and the condition waxes and wanes. Ciyvuatera
is believed to start by fish eatin: a poisonous alzas (Sos plait or Linu)
and the poison is passed on throuch the food chain. if e condition occurs
(sersons havo been toisoned by ci,uatera at Sniwetok)
should be hesasas
the following points
(1) The large fish are nore poisonous than smaller fish.
(2) Tha liver and guts are much more voisonous tnan the flesh.
(3) Freezing, boiling, or processing does not destroy the poison.
(4) The species most likely to be poisonous are:
RED SUAPak
BARRACUDA
GROUP oi
DLACK LLEA (2¥aR YO Lb)
MORAY &BEL5
oR
ASean Snecies may be poisonous but usually not. Orint OCBAN FISH SUCH
AS UNA, BACMTO, WANOO, MAHTMAN(, AID .SLLPIGH ARS USVIt aPF .CTED BY
eek
CIGUATS
SRA.
Ags a rule of the thumb the silvery-blus reef fish are not affected
by cizguatera,
seep nspaeegreaeaetraeeeece eres seaseeavnges
underlining, my own. ote: I obtained the orivinal of this report on
Enewetak in October, L972.
JeAsgte
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