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Senator Olympio T. Borja

2.

May 18, 1973

out that this decision had nothing to do with scientific curiosity, but
was the considered opinion that it was the best management. Another

example concerned the delay in starting thyroid treatment in the retarded

children, as related to scientific curiosity.

It is a statement of fact

that the early growth retardation in the children was not recognized as

being related to thyroid injury until abnormality of that gland was noted.
Treatment was instituted as soon as this fact was apparent. It should be
realized that there was no reason for the doctors at first to suspect that
the hormone levels in the Marshallese were in error, since at that time it
was not known that the plasma of the Micronesian people had abnormal levels
of blood proteins which masked true thyroid hormone levels. If the specific
laboratory methods for evaluation of thyroid status which are available today
had been available at that time, hormonal deficiency could undoubtedly have
been recognized and treatment in the children started earlier.
I believe that the criticism of certain other procedures such as use

of tetanus toxoid, fertility test, etc. have been adequately commented upon

in our answers to your questions which we recently submitted to you.

I believe the Committee and observers were justified in their criticism

in the area of communication and education of the people about the examinations.
We realize that we have not been able to get the people to understand fully
the nature of the radiation effects, the need for the continued examinations,
the need for rationale of treatment used, etc. Also, we have failed to get
the unexposed Rongelap people in the comparison population to understand

the importance of their contribution in the examinations of their exposed
brethren, We will make every effort to follow the Committee's recommendations
by attempting in each case examined to:
1) verbally explain our findings
at the finish of the examination; 2) and later submit a written statement
in Marshallese to the individual about the results of the examination. In
addition, summary copies of examinations will be furnished the home island
as well as each district medical center. We will be glad to cooperate with
the Trust Territory in educational programs designed to help the people
better understand the nature of radiation and its effects. During the
Surveys we will attempt to observe carefully aspects of Marshallese culture
in relation with our dealings with the people.
I am in complete accord with the recommendation that services of a
physician be provided in the Marshalls to give special medical care to the
Rongelap and Utirik people.
If Dr. Knudsen, who has been doing an excellent
job, cannot be persuaded to stay on, he should be replaced, if at all

possible,
Due to transportation difficulties in the Marshalls, the recommendation
concerning procurement of a medical ship to implement the travel of such a

physician to the outer islands is deemed highly desirable.

Dr. Kumatori's suggestion that further cytogenetic studies be done on

the Marshallese in order to detect late effects of radiation will be duly

considered, I am in agreement with his suggestion that the United Nations
Sponsor an international scientific meeting on the effects of radiation on
exposed populations. Perhaps the World Health Organization might better
Sponsor such a meeting.

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