Medical Findings During the last 4 years, 95 percent of the exposed population from Rongelap, 98 percent of the exposed population from Utrik, and 90 percent of the comparison population have been examinedat least once. Those persons notresiding in the Marshall Islands are seen by a physician in their locality. After 37 years, there is little difference between the longevity curves of the Rongelap group, the Utirik group, and the unexposed cohort population. Each of the deaths (4 exposed and 10 nonexposed) that have occurred during the report period is discussed later in the report. The Marshallese population has a high incidence of diabetes, and it appears that one of the deaths of the exposed population andfive of the deaths of the unexposed population were diabetes related. There is a mild, but relatively consistent depression of neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet concentrations in the blood of the exposed population. This depression appears to be of no clinical significance. Thyroid hypofunction, either clinical or biochemical, has been documented as a consequence of radiation exposurein 14 exposed Rongelapindividuals. During this reporting period, one exposed person was diagnosedas having a basal cell carcinoma. Previously, one other exposed person had been diagnosed as having basal cell carcinoma. During this reporting period, a thyroid nodule was identified in an individual who was one of those who was in utero at the time of the exposure. Upon pathologic review, the nodule was diagnosed as occult papillary carcinoma.