—~
S
a
Oe
1
Thyroid Nodules
(Cases Per Year)
3 30 r
(a)
aoe
a
od
8
o
qadgodg
ol
= 40k
2 30+
|
Nonneoplastic Nodules |
Ronge iap
7
co 8
6 20r
2
!
ad
oa
3 107
Poy
0
—_
~
S 10
ge 9
wo
5
BR
Se 77
=a
®
oo
2b
6
oO
IF
0
Utirik
7
~
FG 40F
s
o
i
a
a
¥
0
TQ,
Surgically confirmed thyroid nodules, Rongelap and
Utirik exposed population. (a) Surgical cases per
year, (b) surgical cases per year expressed as
percent of the remaining susceptible population.
{remaining individuals at risk to develop theirfirst
nodule).
at high doses, may have had a great effect of the
ultimate type of nodule that develops, or (2)
lumping of adenomas, occult papillary carcinomas,
and overt carcinomas in one "neoplastic" category
is not valid for this type of analysis. Probably
both explanations are correct to some extent. It
may be that high and low dosesof radiation to the
thyroid are equally neoplastigenic but not
carcinogenic.
2) What was the role of gender in nodule
development:
The distribution of various nodule types by
gender (Table 4) shows a female preponderance
for all categories of nodules. This is to be
expected in all but the occult papillary carcinomas.
Published data indicate that in the latter both
genders are affected about equally, although
sometimes there is a male preponderance
(Woolner et al, 1960; Harach et al, 1985;
Sampsonet al., 1971).
Fig. 4:
©
6
i
0
8
!
0
oO
5
LJ
"a
a
4
Sun
*
a
10
20
Years Post-Exposure
co Rongelap amm Utirik
:
T
Rongelap ©
=
a 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990
D
T
Neoplastic Nodules
0
47
6
T
<
=~ 3b
Ww)
T
a
6
ZB 3r
3a
ue
SF
oa
53
T
Oo 40
6k
4
.
10
20
Years Post-Exposure
go
(b)
a 50
(b)
1
60
o
q
a8 eS
30
o
C—Rongelap mam Utirik
4
Utirik ©
o
:
1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990
oO
30
Relation of thyroid-absorbed dose to time of
development of (a) non-neoplastic nodules
(adenomatous nodules) and (b) neoplastic nodules
(adenomas, occult papillary carcinomas, and overt
thyroid carcinomas.)
The relation of radiation dose to time of
developmentof all nodules is identical for males
and females (Fig. 5).
60
T
T
2 oO 50
Oc
r
TT
oe
o 2
<x
<o 30F
ao
.
=
7
4
2
G
eo
0
0
4
°
oO
os
o
8
10
o
o
Be
oOo
20
[80
40
Relation of thyroid-absorbed dose to time of
development
of
surgically
according to gender.
19
confirmed
7
!
30
Years Post-Exposure
Fig. 5:
q
,
Oo
= c
B= 10 F
T
ohcas
s &
-
T
® Male
0 Female
Be
>— 20r
Tr
ao 8
on
8@ 40f
TT
nodules,