(BL, BS]

under the assumption that the half-time of the reparable component

was 7 days and that the irreparable injury would be equivalent to 5 per cent
of any given dose, showed that such a formulation was only useful under a

limited range of exposure conditions.
26,

The above limited discussion of a vast amount of literature shows that

short-, medium— and long-term mortality recognize different pathogenetic

mechanisms whose analysis may not be performed under the same assumptions:
there is probably more than one single formula that may take into account the
variety of mechanisms.

Also, no single recovery time or residual injury value

ean define all conditions of protracted exposure.

The constants applicable

for acute injury may to some extent predict the results of exposures within
about 100 days and 1500 rad in the mouse, but for longer times and low doses
a new set of relations between injury and recovery must be established [G1].

oT.

Neary [N1, N2] also proposed a model, based on the observation that the

great majority of animals in a population die during a period in the last part
of the life-span.

The preceding period of life, in which deaths are rela-

tively few, is called "induction" by Neary, who defines it as a state of intracellular changes and intercellular reactions proceeding insidiously and
without marked functional impairment.

When a certain level of inductive

change is reached, the second stage sets in quite abruptly.

This stage,

called "development" would involve a different level of organization and would
be sustained by physiological interactions proceeding autonomously and autocatalitically and culminating in death.

The most interesting feature of this

model is that once development sets in further inductive change is superfluous and therefore irradiation during development has comparatively little
effect.

This point was conceptually emphasized by Mole [M6] and by Mole and

Thomas [M7] in the notion of "wasted radiation".

Neary suggested that small

radiation doses would act essentially by shortening induction but without
affecting development, and also showed that there was a good correlation between the results of his experiments on CBA mice [N3] and the formal requirements of the model.

Kohn and Guttman /|K6; pointed out, however, that the

model, derived from experience on duration-of-life exposure, would be applicable with difficultz to acute irradiation.

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