The primary obligations, carried out by the Division wee assigned by the AEC (now DOE) and they are (1) to diagnose and treat possible effects of radiation exposure at Rongelap and Utirik Atolls and (2) provide baseline and periodic radiological screening and dose assessment for persons who may reside at Bixini and Enewetak Atolls. Evaluating radiation exposure and potential health effects to persons who reside at these places requires (1) periodic body-burden data collection and analysis, (2) development and maintenance of a radiological data base, (3) retrospective dose assessment and (4) correlation of dose with incidence of disease. radiological protection at Rongelap, Utirik, Carrying out a routine program of Bikini or Enewetak requires these four elements because living patterns leading to exposure to radiological hazards are unique and unprecidented. These program elements should definitely be continued at Enewetak, Rongelap, Utirik and Bikini (should Bikini Atoll be reinhabitated). should continue until body radionuclides including Pu. burdens stabilize and Maintenance of these programs doses are established for all This could be |-3 years in the cases of Rongelap and Utirik, 2-4 years for Bikini and several years (up to 10) for Enewetak or 2-3 years past the time when all indigenous food products are available at Enewetak for daily consumption. In addition, certain peoples at Rongelap and Utirik should be followed over their lifetime if they were exposed to high levels of radiation in 1954. A study of residual radiation and health effects from residual radiation has been performed since 1954 in order to meet the primary obligation assigned by the AEC. The dose since rehabitation of Utirik in 1954, and Rongelap in 1957 is known for most nuclides, however, data regarding Pu is being assembled now. Sequential sampling of urine for Pu will be required during the next few years in order to assess the intake regime and dose.