The President's proposal of December 8, 1953, gave rise to hopes that this
new approach might lead to progress in the long stalled disarmament negotiations.
These hopes have not yet been fulfilled.
The Soviet Union did not wed the
disarmament part of the President's proposal, i.e., that the nations mamerate
the pace of the mclear arms race by pooling some weapons material under inter-
national control and for peaceful uses.
But there has been a measure of U.S. - Soviet cooperation in Atomg-for-
Peace —- though probably not from the same motives.
U.S. = Soviet coo
resulted in the very successful technical conference at Geneva in A
This Conference was proposed by the JU. S. and made possible by its mas
tributions of technological information.
This was the greatest concre
accomplishment cf the Atoms-for-Peace program to date.
Similar cooperation
has resulted in unanimous approval of the IAEA Statute which is based
on U.S. planning and drafting.
This evidence that in spite of the cold]
war
there can exist useful U.S. ~ Soviet cooperation justifies continued hope that
ultimate Soviet recognition of the need for international control of atpmic
energy will lead to an agreed end to the uncontrolled nuclear threat.
In spite of the failure to progress substantially in the matter of] disarmament and the control of muclear weapens, it is quite possible that fhe most
significant achievement of the U.S. program to date has been the success of the
United States in developing an awareness of the vital necessity for intprnational
control over the peaceful uses of atomic energy and in taking the first] political
and technical steps looking toward an acceptable system of control and Bafeguards
against the diversion of mclear materials and equipment to other than peaceful
uses.
These steps have been supplemented and strengthened by the safegpard and
NSC 5507 /2
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Part] II