CONFLDENMAE
one-fourth the foxhole device discussed subsequently (for cities where mass evacuation is
proven feasible). Such a mix, after allowing for the day-night ebb and flow, would cost
$24 billion for the 25 cities and $33 billion for the 170. Many other combinations are
possible, and a shelter program should be undertaken only after careful consideration of

local needs.

Subways, modified so as to permit quick entry and so as to permit closing entryways,
not only provide good shelter but can provide protected movement away from the target
area. Theinitial cost of subway systems would be greater than that for other types of
shelters, but might well be offset by operating revenue.

Fig. 46 — Family Outdoor Shelter

Improvised Shelter

Should Congress and the public remain apathetic to shelter programs, the Engineer

Research and Development Laboratory, Ft Belvoir, has in prototype stage a device that
could be adapted to civil defense needs with relatively little difficulty, according to the de-

signer. This device (Fig. 47) was originally developed for digging foxholes quickly to protect

64

ORO-R~17 (App B)
CONFTOEO-ELAL

Select target paragraph3