! CONFIDENTIAL : CIVIL DEFENSE COSTS : CURRENT COST 4 Costs of the present civil defense policy (seeking the best shelter now available) are ¥ probably of the order of $200 million per year; one-half of this amount is appropriated by the Federal government. EVACUATION PROGRAM qh 1 } The cost ofan evacuation program for 170 major cities would be of the order of $50 million in direct costs for plans, maps, and traffic signs and for recruiting, training, and equipping traffic control personnel. Indirect costs due to the loss of wages, output, and profits are not included in this estimate. Civil defense officials feel that two practice alerts per year would be a minimum requirement for a workable plan. The cost to the economy of each practice alert for the District of Columbia has been estimated at not less than $1 ne ees ene million. The cost of two practice alerts per year for each of the 170 major metropolitan areas has been estimated to be of the order of $400 million a year, or, cumulated for the 8-yr period through 1965, $3 billion. If the cost of a road-building program (which would be necessary to make evacuation feasible with a 2.5-hr warning) is added to this figure, the cost might be upward of $23 billion. Should the enemy adopt “spoofing” tactics the cost to the economy would beinestimable. SHELTER PROGRAM The type andsize of shelter and shelter “mix” (proportion of public shelters to family shelters) will vary from target to target, depending on density of population, available sites, and anticipated urban growth. This section describes the types and costs of shelters currently available that could constitute the ingredients of the shelter program. Table 11 lists some public and private shelter types and estimates the cost of sheltering the residents of 170 major metropolitan areas. With respect to public shelters, some of the differences in cost estimates reflect differences in construction techniques. The community redoubt is the most expensive since it is designed to afford protection even in the crater and lip. The difference in the cost between the 40-person and 100-person shelters reflects a general savings in moving machinery onto thesite, etc. The public shelter of the American Machine and FoundryCo.is less costly, by a factor ; | of 2, than any of the others. This is partly a function of its large size and partly because the poured-in-place concrete dome offers more resistance to shock waves than an equivalent 58 3 4 : i. ORO-R-—17 (App B) CONFIDENTIAL ne amount of concrete in some other form. This reinforced-concrete arched-dome shelter is 250 ft in diameter and has 3 ft of earth cover at the apex of the dome. The shelter area