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in reply please refer to:

RSSD-80-026

30 January 1980

410700

Mr. Tom McCraw
Office of Health and
Environmental Research
Mail Stop E-201
United States Department of Energy
Washington, D.C. 20545
Dear Tommy:
Enclosed are the data summary tables for*Bikini, Rongelap and Rongerik Atol4s
which we discussed last week. The data given represent average values rather
than maximum levels which were given in previous summaries. Values are given
for the total terrestrial exposure rate as well as the individual contributions

due to '3’Cs and ®©°Co.

Average values were obtained by numerically averaging the

individual second-by-second data points obtained over a given island. Islands
lying close together were treated as a single island. In using the aerial data,
it is important to remember that each one second data point represents an average
value over an area several thousand times greater than the area which would be
measured with an instrument placed at one meter. For very small islands, the
aerial] data will indicate a lower value than that measured from the ground, since
part of the area being measured lies over water. Data obtained over larger

islands, however, should agree in general with that measured on the ground.

Rongelap and Rongerik, exposure rate values are only given for those islands

For

large enough to provide reasonable agreement between airborne and ground based

measurements.

Cesium and cobalt exposure rate values were obtained from photopeak count rate

data.

Procedures used to extract the photopeak counts and obtain exposure rate

values were similar to those presented in NVO-140 for the 1972 Enewetak aerial
survey. The total terrestrial exposure rate values were obtained from gross
count data after subtracting a water background. Subtracting the water background
removes contributions to the spectrum from internal sources within the aircraft
and from cosmic rays, resulting in a net count due to terrestrial activity. It

can be seen that the sum of the 137Cs and ®°Co contributions, on the average,

agree quite well with that obtained from the total gross counts.

This supports

previous data which indicates that there is little or no naturally occurring
terrestrial radioactivity within these coral atolls. For some of the atolls
surveyed, the terrestrial activity levels were too low to determine the individual

contributions due to *?’Cs or ®°Co using the photopeak extraction technique.

Exposure rate values in these cases can only be obtained from the total gross

counts.

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