It is an irony of history that the U.N. Trust Agreement binds
the United States both to ‘protect the health of the inhabitants’ and ‘protect
=
the inhabitants against the loss of their land or resources.’
States. Similarly, exposure through

concentration of radiation in the

food chain is not well understood,

yet this appears to have been a major
contnbutor to the alarming rate of

problems at Rongelap. Utink and

other islands. At Bikini it was the
reason for evacuating the people in
1978, and who can guarantee the future of the Enewetak people?
Moreover, in October 1980 the
Department of Energy stated thatit is
now safe for the Bikinians to return
to a certain island in Bikini Atoll. It
was claimed that the people will not
receive doses above the federal radiation standards if they import 50 percent of their food and spend no more
than 10 percent of their time on
Bikini [sland, approximately six miles

away.
It is an irony of history that the

United Nations Trust Agreement
binds the United States both to
“protect the health of the in-

habitants’’ and ‘‘protect the inhabitants against the loss of their

land or resources."**6
With medical examinations and
environmental surveys by doctors

and scientists independent of the

U.S. government. combined with a
thorough education program on
radiation, at least the diagnosis and
treatment of the Marshallese will

improve. But unless the independent

scientific community in the United
States becomes more involved in the
health problems on these islands. it
is likely that the inhabitants will
serve pnimanily as a source for U.S.
government research into the effects

of radiation on human populations.O

1. Edward Martell to Theodore Mitchell
(Micronesian Legal Service Corporation)
Dec. 9. 1974
2. Defense Nuclear Agency. ‘Fact
Sheet—Enewetak Operation” (Washington.
D.C.: ona. Apni 1980).

3. KHON TV-2, interview with Paul Udell,

Honolulu, March 1980
4. Floyd Takeuchi. Pacific and Asian Af-

fairs Seminar, Honolulu. June 18, 1980.

§. “Enewetak Islanders Plan Return."’
Honolulu Star Bulletsn. Sept. 26, 1979.
6. “Problems Unresolved on Enewetak
Atoll."’ Honolulu Star Bulletin, March 26,
1980.
7. Rosalie Bertel! to U.S. Congressman
Sidney Yates. June 6, t980.

Nowavailable

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DIRECT FROM THE BULLETIN

The Papers

‘

of the Woridwatch institute

The Institute is an independent,

8. Glenn H. Alcalay to Congressman Sid1
ney Yates. June 24, 1980

non-profit research organization
created to analyze and to focus
attention on world problems.

Atoll—Cleaning Up Nuclear Contaminauon,”
PSAD 79-54 (May 6. 1979).
10. Atomic Energy Commission. ‘Report

1 Nuclear Power: The Fitth

kum Atoll” (1969).
Il. Ralph Waltz to Giff Johnson, Majuro,
Marshall Islands, June 1979.

economics, safety, proliferation and

12. Robert A. Conard. ‘The Radiological
Status of the Bikini People: A Summary Re-

2 Energy: The case for Con-

9. General Accounting Office. **Enewetak

of Ad Hoc Committee to Evaluate the
Radiological Hazards of Resettlement of Bi-

pon” (Upton. N.Y.: Brookhaven National
Laboratory, Sept. 20. 1978).
13. Lawrence Livermore Laboratory.

“Dose Assessment at Bikini Atoll.” ucri51879 (June 8. 1977) pt. 5 “Bikini Islanders
Want to Stay There."’ Washington Post. Apnil

Horsemen by Denis Hayes, Details

the issues to be faced if we increase
our use of nuclear power: environmental impact, availability of uraruum,
terrorism. 64 pages.

.

D+

servation by Denis Hayes. Reports
that more than haif the energy the U.S.
consumes is wasted. Conservaton in
certain areas couid meet our energy

needs for the next 25 years. 77 pages.

3 Repaira Reuse Recycling—First
Steps Toward a Sustainable So-

3, 1980.
14. Conard. ‘*Radwlogical Status.”

ciety by Denis Hayes.in light of polite

in Marshallese People. A Companson of the

straints on our future use of virgin
materials, recycling must become a
central organizing principle in indus-

15. Konrad P. Kotrady, ‘The Brookhaven
Medical Program to Detect Radianon Effects
People’s vs. the Program's Attitudes” (Jan. 1,
1977), unpublished but available from Mic-

ronesia Suppor’ Committee. 1212 University

Ave.. Honolulu. HI 96826.
16. Conard. ‘Radiological Status.”

17. John Anjan. Magistrate of Rongelap

Atoll 19$0-65 to Giff Johnson, Ebeye. Marshall Islands. July 1979.
18. Lewis Strauss, taped press conference.
1954 (Washington. D.C.: National Archives,
1954).

19. Robert A. Conard and others. ‘*“Sum-

mary of Thyroid Findings in Marshallese 22
Years after Exposure to Radioactive Fallout.” No. 21924 (Upton. N.Y. Brookhaven

National Laboratory. 1976).
20. Kotrady, Brookhaven Medical Prom.

21. Philadelphia Inquirer. ““Who Knows
HowLong They tl) Take To Show,”* Apni 20.
3979.

22. Conard and others. "A Twenty Year
Review of Medical Findings in a Marshallese
Population Accidentally Exposed to Radiwactive Fallout” (Upton, N.Y.: Brookhaven National Laboratory. [975).
23. U.S. Department of Energy. ‘“North-

em Marshall Islands Aenal Radiavon Survey.

September to November 1978."

24. Micronesian Independent. “The 25.000
Year Question.”’ June 6, 1980.
25. Kotrady. “Brookhaven Medical Pro-

gram
26. United Nations. ‘Trusteeship Agreement for the Trust Terntory of the Pacific Islands (New York: U.N. Trusteeship Council,

.

cal, energy and environmental con-

trial societies. 48 pages.

4 inflation: The Rising Cost of
Living on a Small Planet by Robert

Fuller. The author views inflation as a
symptom of a growing imbalance between soaring human demands and
the physical resources to satisfy them.
He suggests steps government and individuals can take to dea! with the
sources of rising prices. 48 pages.

5 Food or Fuel: New Competition
for the World's Cropiand oy Lester

Brown. Discusses the technology and
economics of agnculturally based
aicohoifuel. Initiatives to increase its
production and use may drive pnces
upward so that the pnce of oil may

soon determine the price of food.

43 pages.

.

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December 1980

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