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INTRODUCTION
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On March l, 1954, at Bikini Atoll, BRAVO, the. ‘first of dix’ nuclear weapons,
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tests in the Castle series, was detonated.
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The BRAvO“device caused substantial
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surface contamination on inhabited atolls within’ a2)000aquare!wile area.
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contaminated region was cigar shaped and ine luded Ailinginaé, Rongelap,
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Rongerik, and Utirik Atolls which lay east of round zero at distances’"from 60
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to 300 miles.
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The fallout on Rongelap, initially visible at we‘hours, had
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thinned out to the extent that it was no longer seen at. elo. hours(6162),
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On March 3, 1954, the 64 residents of Rongelap Atolt and 18 residents of
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Sifo Leland, Ailinginae. Atoll, were evacuated. On March 3 and 4, evacuation of
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157 Utirik Atoll residents also took place.
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During the first few weeks and at
on
least once every year from ‘1957 to the present, a Brookhaven; National ‘Labovatory§
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medicalteam, organized by the Department of Defense ‘and ‘by the “Atomic Energy
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Commission and its successor organizations, has provided medical ‘eviaminat ions’ tof!
monitor the health of the persons initially ‘affected ‘by ‘the “‘ fallout from the nun’
clear testing progran, plus” a comparison ‘population.“Reports:“of‘their. ‘findings:
are given in Cr56, Co58, C059, Co60, Co62, Co63, C065, Co67, Co70, Co75, and
Co80.
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The Utirikese and Rongelapese returned to their home atolls in June 1954
and in June 1957 respectively.
The earlier repatriation of Utirik Atoll was
based on the low level of external radiation exposure measured after the bitiab,
3 month observation period (March to June 1954).
examined by a Brookhaven medical team until March, 1957, when 144 people received comprehensive physical examinations.
Following the 1957, medical survey, .
two men, removed from Utirik for medical reasons, were whole body counted at
Argonne National Laboratory and provided urine samples for radiochemical anal-
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