sampling in March 1978. Both immediate follow-up periods extended through
September 1979, but a "final" long-term sampling follow-up is planned for
November 1980, possibly as a prelude to institution of long-term parasite-

suppressive efforts.
The treatment plan for the two atolls, though not theoretically ideal,
was based on logistical realities as to what would be attainable in the context of health surveys and physician visits.
Following initial stool surveys,
treatment with each agent was to be given at quarterly intervals to all inhabitants of the respective atolls except pregnant women and children aged <2
years.
Follow-up surveys were to be conducted just before the third quarterly
treatment and 9 months

thereafter.

On Rongelap the

schedule was maintained,

but ship damage caused schedule alterations during the eradication/suppression

attempt on Utirik which resulted in- some variation from the treatment/sampling
plan.
The actual schedules attained are shown in Table 1.

Sampling (S$) and treatment (T) schedules on

Rongelap and Utirik Atolls,

1977-1979.

Sampling.

S$

-

l

-

September

‘

-

June

4

-

md

$
-

iprnte

-

September
January
March

1

1979;

June

Utirik

wn

1978:

June
September
January
March

bprAAgy

1977:

-mnsyn

Ronge lap

ioarnirnts

Table 1.

To the extent that they were in any way reachable, all inhabi-

tants of Rongelap Atoll were prevailed upon to submit stool specimens at each
sampling period.
In spite of strong fecal taboos, samples were obtained from
at least 90% of the population by diligent follow-up of dispensed stool containers.
_

The larger population of Utirik (300) precluded the possibility of

total sampling during the limited survey period.
Instead, a cohort of 20+% of
the population was followed to the extent possible, and was used as an index
of the population as a whole.
If cohort members were not present on the is-

land during a survey (away at school, on a visit, etc.), replacements were

picked at random to fill out the three categories:
adult males, adult females, and children.
Again, diligent follow-up of dispensed containers provided the requisite population samples.
Processing of Specimens.
An aliquot of 0.5 to 1 g of each specimen
returned each day was put into an individually identified l-dram vial

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