L6 posed groups»eempared with that for the Mar- During the interval between the 1959 and 1960 surveys the medical history of the people on Rongelap Island was generally uneventful. However, an epidemic of influenza occurred in the Marshall shall Islands asawhole in 1948-50 and for the United States in 1940. The table also shows the median ages. The lower median age of the Marshallese would seem to support the impression that their life span is shorter than that in the continental United States. Islands in the spring of 1960, and, though Ronge- lap Atoll was spared. the epidemic reachedserious proportions on Kwajalein Atoll. About 20 of the During the interval between the survevs of 1958 anc? 1939 the people of Rongelap suffered no major epidemics. There were the usual bouts of unexposed Rongelap control population had previously moved to Kwajalein Atoll for employment by the Navy, and among this group 10 cases of pox developed in April 1958. two of great severity, plicated by pneumonia resulting in death - one in man (31) from the exposed group. During the a 33-year-old man (+933) and the other in a 64year-old man (=927). Both these men had com- treatment, and also the following cases: perforated fered a cerebral hemorrhage with hemiplegia several months earlier, and the other a urinary tract upper respiratory infections. A few cases of chicken influenza developed, two of which became com- one of which resulted in the death of a 36-vear-old complicated deliverv; pyelonephritis, and acute diarrhea. Three of these patients were in the exposed group. Fourcases of fish poisoning occurred during the year with the usual symptomsof nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, double vision, and tingling sensations in the limbs. Cancer of the ovary was found in a 61-vear-old woman in the exposed group, and the diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy. infection, The 61-year-old woman with cancerof the ovary, discovered in 1958, died in May 1959. Untortunately, no autopsies were obtained on these people. This brings the deaths to four for the exposed population. One other death occurred in the unexposed control population on Rongelap, that of a 54-year-old woman (854) who died of infection complicating diabetes. The deaths in the unexposed population now number four. Only one case of fish poisoning occurred in 1959 on Table 3 Yearly Incidence of Births and Fetal Deaths* Year Women aged 14-45 Total pregnancies Children —_Mf F Live births Miscarriages* % Pregnancies terminating in miscarriage Exposed 1954** 19 } 1955 1956 195? 20 20 FI 5 6 3 1958 22 1959 22 Total 1956 1957 1958 1959 Total 18 18 ta 17 0 0) 0 I 100 5 43 3 4 2 4 ) 2 I 4 0 i4 8 3 + 3 0 37 24 12 12 13 4 2 2 | 1 25 17 6 . 5 8 8 + 6 26 | 5 2 Unexposed = i 6, 6 * 5 2 3 3 2 | l 4 20 10 10 *Includes children dying during first few hours after birth. **Includes only children conceived after March 1, 1954. 1 2 3 17 33 60 0 25 25 1 mee, appendix, threatened abortion, retained placenta, plicating diseases prior to influenza; one had suf- A AR nag| ~ ow year Navy evacuation planes removed these two cases to Kwajalein Hospital (150 miles away) for