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INTRODUCTION
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On March 1, 1954, at Bikini Atoll, BRAVO, the €irec of dix nuclear weapons .
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tests in the Castle series, was detonated.
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The BRAVO device caused substantial
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surface contamination on: inhabited atolls within a 2;000 vaquare’'mile area.
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conteminated region was cigar shaped and included Ailinginae,, Rongelap,
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Rongerik, and Utirik Atolls which lay east of ground zero at distances‘from 60
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The fallout on Rongelap, initially visible atWee hours, had
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thinned out to the extent that it was no longer seen at’ +10. hours: (6162).
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On March 4, 1954, the 64 residents of Rongelap
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Sifo Island, Ailinginae. Atoll, were evacuated.
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During the first few weeks and at
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On March 3 and 4,‘evacuation of.
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157 Utirik Atoll residents also took place.
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Atoll and 18 residents of
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least once every year from "1957 to the present, a BrookhavenNational |Labovatory
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medical team, organized by the Department of Defense ‘and’ ‘by. the:“Atomic Energy
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Commission and its successor organizations, has provided medical ‘examinations to
monitor the health of thepersons initially affected |by “the ‘“fallout from the nue’:
clear testing program, plus a comparison population. “Beporte of”their.“Bindings: :
are given in Cr56, CoS8, C059, Co60, Co62, Co63, Co65, Co67, Co70, Co75, aid
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The Utirikese and Rongelapese returned to their home atolls in June 1954.
and in June 1957 respectively.
The earlier repatriation of Utirik Atoll was
based on the low level of external radiation exposure measured after the initial”
3 month observation period (March to June 1954).
The Utirik population was not 5
examined by a Brookhaven medical team until March, 1957, when 144 people re~
ceived comprehensive physical examinations.
Following the 1957, medical survey, f
two men, removed from Utirik for medical reasons, were whole body counted at
Argonne National Laboratory and provided urine samples for radiochemical anal-
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