to depict the scope of the project's effort and to showsiguificant results of
their effort for historical and report purposes. Still photography for illus-

trating preliminary and final reports was conducted by TG 7.1, TU-1l.

Mo-

tion picture coverage to be used in the production of a weapon effects film
was provided by JTF 7. Technical photography, such as high-speed, timelapse, and function-of-time photography, was furnished by TU-5 (EG&G).

During the planning phase of Operation Hardtack, it became evident that
the needs of the various projects for photographically collected data would
fall on the five military effects events: two high altitude rocket detonations.

one high altitude balloon detonation, and two underwater detonations.

Because

of the varied nature and location of the detonations, more extensive and
sophisticated camera installations were needed than on any prior operation.

As the test series proceeded, additional shots of military interest were added,

which further increased the complexity and number of camerastations.
For the high altitude balloon detonation, RB-36's were used with backup camera installation mounted on the USS Boxer. For the Teak and Orange
shots, the RB-36's were used with backup surface and ground stations.
The photographic equipment used for aJjl three high altitude detonations
consisted of streak, high and medium speed motion picture, rapid sequence still,

and Zenith cameras, utilizing both color and black and white film.

The photographic instrumentation for the two underwater shots was

basically the same for each shot. The stations common to both shots consisted of a camera station on Parry Island, and one on Igurin Island: an

LCU camera station anchored in the lagoon; an RB-50 aircraft directly over
surface zero at 25,000 ft altitude; three C~54 aircraft orbiting at 20,000 ft
range at altitudes of 1500 ft, 9000 ft, and 10,000 ft; and one RB-50 aircraft
which provided vertical aerial photographic coverage of the target array before and after each shot.
For the Wahoo shot, an additional camera station was installed in the
hold of the EC-2 to record effects of a deep-water detonation orn the ship's
structure.

For the Umbrella
station was installed on
station was installed on
metrogon camera array

shot, in addition to the basic installations, a camera
a barge 20,000 ft from surface zero; another camera
Mui Island to photograph rocket firings. and a triwas installed on an H-19 helicopter to photograph

wave action at two surface instrument platforms.

In addition to the major portion of the photographic effort on the five

military effects shots, a somewhat smaller effort was expended on some of
the AEC diagnostic shots. A camera station was installed to record the ef-

fects of the thermal pulse on certain materials. Several aerial photographic
surveys were accomplished of craters produced by land surface detonations:

aerial surveys were accomplished to locate strings of gages placed in the
water prior to several shots; and aerial mosaics were photographed of

Johnston Island and all the islands of Bikini and Eniwetok Atolls for planning

purposes.

Before the five original military effects shots had all been detonated,
two additional shots of DOD interest were added to the program: two subkiloton surface bursts on the island of Yvonne at Eniwetok Atoll. This
necessitated the establishment of two camera stations to cover the events
and the addition of some still and motion picture documentary coverage.
In all, about 66,000 ft of original 35-mm Eastman color negative film was
exposed from which a military effects motion picture film report will be
36

qua
AFWL/HO

35

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