Appendix V
Findings of Epidemiological Studies of Cancer in Irradiated Populations
(From J. Shapiro, Radiation Protection, pp. 260-4, Harvard U. Press, Cambridge, MA,
1972)
No of cases
Subject of study
1. Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb
survivors (bomb exploded 1945)
Follow-up
Dose
No. of
Form of
Observed
in exposed
Expected
if not
time ¢y¥r)
(R or rads}
persons®
cancer
group?
exposed’
Leukemia
Leukemia
Pa
6
19.1
30
$-13
Brillet al, 1962 (81)
2. Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb
&1-320
13-2)
survivors (women). Wanebo
etal, 1968 (238)
3. Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb
8695
Leukemia
24
20
3,082
Breast cancer
3
7.3
10-39
1.262
Breast cancer
5
3
1,292
All cancers
l
075
1.215
All cancers,
control
10
85,070
13.184
0-9
40-49
90-199
>200
Unknown
Unexposed
>64 500
survivors exposed prenatally
857
802
84]
840
2.458
Breast
Breast
Breast
Breast
Breast
cancer
cancer
cancer
cancer
cancer
2
5
6
2
2
2
2
2.3
2.3
6.1
person-rads4
Jablon and Kato, 1970 (93)
4. Japanese A-bomb survivors exposed
0-20
21-80
17
within 1400 m of detonation (died
1950-1962). Angevine and Jabion,
autopsies
61
56.8
9
10.5
except leukemia
1964 (95)
5. Children exposed prenatally due to
abdominal x-ray to mother (exposed 1945-1956 and died before
2-)2
39,166
Leukemia
77 000°
All cancers
end of 1958). Court Brown et
al., 1960 ( 239}
6. Children exposed prenatally (born
in 1947-1954 and died before end
of 1960). MacMahon, 1967 (240)
4-13
1-2
7. Infants who received irradiation of
13-38
61-600
chest before age 6 ma. in treatment for enlarged thymus (treated
Lower dose
85
60
Thyroid
4
0.07
Thyroid {benign}
Leukemia
6
3
80
1.45
Higher dose Thyrotd
graup
Thyroid (benign}
498
Leukemia
(11,485 per-
14
15
3
06
.60
37
Thyroid carcinoma
0
0.03
Leukemia
0
0.95
group
2,207
1926-1957, follow-up in 1963).
(32,226 per-
Hempelmann et al , 1967 (160)
son yrat
—
riski!
son yr at
risk}
8. Infants irradiated routinely with
10-20
X-rays to anterior mediastinum
75-450
mostly 150
1 401,
includ-
through smail (4 X 4 cm) port, ?
ing 244
days after birth, as ‘apparently
harmless and perhaps beneficial
with enlarged
procedure’ (x-ray 1938-46, fol-
thymus
low-up 1956-58). Contiet al.,
1960 (146)
9. Children treated with x-rays to
head, neck, or chest for various
benign conditions, mainly ‘‘enlarged”’ thymus and adenitis,
treated before age 16 and fol-
>I
(83%)
<50 (4%)
1 644
50-200 (361%)
200-600 (33'%)
11
0
Thyroid (benign)
Thyroid
7
0
Leukemia
7
1.4
lowed till age 23. Saenger et
al., 1960 (202)
10. Children treated before age 16 with
x-rays for enlarged thymus,
pertussis, and head and neck
diseases; and dred before age
Upto 23
Not given
23 (treated 1930-1956, follow-
up 1940-1956). Murray et
al.. 19§9 (241)
- 134 -
3,872