irradiated by internal sources;
incorporated in body tissues.

that is, by radionuclides
These radionuclides gain

entrance into the body through innalation or through contaminated food or water.

Once inside they behave like their

non-radioactive counterparts.

Radioactive iodine,

for example,

accumulates in the thyroid gland in the same fashion as
stable iodine,

and radioactive strontium or calcium accumulate

in the bone similar to their naturally occurring non-radioetive counterparts.

The radioactive iodine will thus deliver

a dosage to the thyroid gland that is many times larger than
hat to the other organs or to the whole body,

andthe

ragioactive strontium and calcium will mainly irradiate the
bone.
Because of the uneven distribution of radionuclides
in the body organs, radiation exposure standards have been
develosed not just for the whole body, but also for individual
orczans.

In this report we will be referring to the maximum

'

ermissible whole body and lung doses.
Largely as a matter of convenience, secondary or derived

raaiaztion standards have been developed.

These secondary

wv

oO

standards, wnich limit radionuclide concentrations or organ
urdens,

are often more easily employed than the primary dose

tandards.

We shall examine two secondary standards in this

tas

:

.

.

= tae

Select target paragraph3