APPENDIX A

Radiation Standards Sev.ting Organizations
and Their Roles

The organization which recommends basic radiation criteria and standards

at the international level is the

International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP).
It was established in 1928 under the auspices of the Second
international Cungress of Radiology.
During the early
period and until 1950, the ICRP was concerned primarily with

recommendations desicned to provide protection to members
of the medical profession in their diagnostic and thera-

peutic use of A-rayS and gamma radiation irom radium.

However, since the advent of atomic energy, and radiation
uses on a larce scale, it has extended its efforts to include

studies of radiation protection matters covering the whole
gamut of radiation applications.
It works together with its’
sister commission,

the International Commission on Radiation

Units Measurements (ICRU) ,“” and relies on the ICRU for background Knowledge on fraciation measurements.
The National Council on Radiation Protection and

Measurements

(NCRP)

was organized in 1929,

a year after the

ICRP, as a combined effort of several radiation protection
committees in the United States to consolidate their
scattered efforts and to present a unified voice at meetings

of.the ICRP.1

The ICRP and NCRP are private groups whose

recommendations are purely advisory.

,

In 1934 the NCRP adcrted the simple level of 0.1
roentgen per Gav, Meusured in air as the tolerance dose.
In
1940, it recommended a permissible body burden of 0.1 micro-

gram for ingested radium.

effect today,

The latter standard, still in

corresponds to an average dose to the skeleton

of about 30 rem/yr or a dose to the critical endosteal tissue
out to a distance of 5-10 microns of about 10 rem/yr.

l/ Initially the NCRP was known as the Advisory Committee
on X-rays and Radium Protection; in 1946 the name was changed
to the National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements, and in 1964 it received a Federal charter and took

its present name.

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