actively involved in the statistical design and analysis aspects
of these studies and takes the opportunity here to review some of
these methods and to suggest some new approaches that might be

useful in future work.

This review may be particularly helpful at

this time since new studies at nuclear test sites at NTS are
expected to begin soon, as are experimental plots to evaluate the
feasibility of several alternative clean-up treatments in desert
environments.

Some of the general planning aspects of these new

studies are also discussed.

SAMPLING FOR INVENTORY AND
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF Pu

Review and Possible New Approaches

The FIDLER (Field Instrument for the Determination of Low-Energy
Radiation) has been successfully used as a survey instrument at most
safety-shot sites to delineate the approximate distribution of 241an
in surface soil.

The only exception is A site in Area 11, where the

FIDLER could not be used since the principal contaminant is 235y,
(At this site,

soil samples were collected on a grid system and

235 U on the Ge(Li) system.) FIDLER survey readings give
analyzed for
a general notion of the geographical distribution of 2414 contamination in surface soil and are useful for defining strata for estimating
plutonium inventory in soil.

Strata maps drawn from these FIDLER

survey data are given in Figs. 4 through 14 in Gilbert et al.
(1975).

While a major advantage of the FIDLER instrument is the

relative ease and speed at which a study site can be surveyed,

it has

been our experience that two surveys of an area are usually required
to obtain the necessary detail in distribution desired for establishing strata:
sal,

an initial survey to learn the general pattern of disper-

followed by a second survey on a finer grid to obtain greater

detail.

The only comment here is that greater use of any prior

survey information that may exist on the dispersal of contaminants
could reduce the time necessary to obtain the more detailed survey

information needed for current studies.

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