the organization was broken into three operating units with Task Unit 3 Head-

quarters and a Deputy for Eniwetok, where, until the 30th of June, the majority of projects were based, and Forward Area Commands at Bikini and
Johiston Island. The Bikini staff was reduced to one officer and one enlisted
man after shot Yucca, since only one active project remained there after removal of launch site for Teak and Orange to Johnston Island.

Most of the

personnel thus relieved, along with a small number of personnel from Eniwe-

tok, formed the Jofinston staff, which after July 1 became the principal scene

of DOD operations.
The Commander, Task Unit 3, Eniwetok, supported by a small staff,
supervised the activities of the directors of 7 programs and 51 projects
grouped under them in the EPG. During this phase of the operation, approximately. 80 Task Unit 3 staff personnel and 900 project personnel participated.
The peak strength was reached on April 12, when 665 TU-3 personnel were
present in the EPG. After July 1, the Eniwetok staff and project personnel
were appreciably reduced, leaving only those participating in the subkiloton
shots, Quince and Fig. These offices were closed on August 26 with the completion of the roll-up.

Task Unit 3 staff members began arriving at Johnston Island on June 1

for this phase of Hardtack. The largest build-up of personnel occurred in
early July. Thirty-one TU~3 staff members and approximately 230 project
personnel were involved for the two shots at Johnston. TU-3 offices were

closed on August 23, 12 days after the final shot, Orange.

Staff personnel for both phases of Hardtack were furnished by Field
Command, Armed Forces Special Weapons Project, with a small number of
augmentation personnel furnished by Headquarters, AFSWP, and from the
_—
various Armed Services upon the request of the Chief, AFSWP. Project personnel came from the agencies listed in Table 3.1. .The Programs undertaken were comprehensive, including maximum efforts on five DOD shots

(Yucca, Wahoo, Umbrella, Teak, and Orange), extensive activities on four

development shots

and participation by one

or more projects on

Unfortunately, command transmitter failure on shot Yucca caused loss
of all significant data from the canister array. Aircraft instrumentation was
very successful, however. Failure of ship's power on two target destroyers
prior to the Wahoo event resulted in some data loss. Aside from these two
failures, the objectives outlined in Sec. 1.3 were attained, although some
projects participating on development shots had to repeat their experiments
or change their activities to other shots due to schedule or yield changes of
some devices.
The Task Unit 3 mission was accomplished with but one major operational difficulty. The move of the launch site for Teak and Orange from
Bikini to Johnston after completion of construction and the arrival of most
of the personnel and equipment presented a formidable problem. It was not
insurmountable, however, and JTF 7, Holmes and Narver. and TU-3 agencies
successfully met the first new ready date for firing on July 31. The shortage of real estate was a hindrance to some agencies.
Careful management of manpower was necessary to properly maintain

Task Unit 3 staffs at all operating locations.

Although minor problems were

presented throughout the operation, satisfactory solutions were found for all,
often with the assistance of Task Group 7.1 staff agencies. Special problems
were presented by the projects, with 41 personnel, stationed at considerable
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