238 REFERENCES Emery, R. M., and D. C, Klopfer. 1976. "The Distribution of Trans- uranic Elements in a Freshwater Pond Ecosystem." In: Environmental Pu AND 239,240 Pu DISTRIBUTION IN FISH AND INVERTEBRATES FROM THE GREAT MIAMI RIVER, OHIO Toxicity of Aquatic Radionuclides, Models and Mechanisms. M. W. Morton and J. N. Stannard (Eds.). pp. 269~—285. Fassett, N.C. Ann Arbor Science Publishers. G. E. Bartelt, C. W. Wayman, S. E. Groves, and J. J. Alberts 1957. A Manual of Aquatic Plants, Wisconsin Press. Madison, 405 p, Hodge, V. F., F. L. Hoffman, and T. R, Folsom. University of 1973. "Rapid Accu- mulation of Plutonium and Polonium on Giant Brown Algae." Health Physics 27: 29—35, Ecological Sciences Section Radiological and Environmental Research Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Ulinois ABSTRACT Nelson, D. M., E. M. Yaguchi, B. J. Waller, and M. A..Wahligren, 1973, "Radiochemical Methods." Research Division Annual Report. December 1973. Reid, G. K, Radiological and Environmental ANL-8060-III. Argonne National Laboratory. 1961. Part HI, January— pp. 6-17. Ecology of Inland Waters and Estuaries. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. New York. 375 p. Rogers, D. R, 1975. “Mound Laboratory Environmental Plutonium Study 1974." MLM-2249, September 15, 1975. Mound Laboratory. p. 56. Wayman, C. W., G. E. Bartelt, and D, N. Edgington. Samples of minnows, shad, goldfish, carp, crayfish, and clams were taken from the Great Miami River in the vicinity of Miamisburg, Ohio, Activities of 238pu and 239, 240py are reported for these organisms, In addition, distributions were determined for plutonium between the gastrointestinal tract and the remainder of the organism in carp and between the shell and soft parts of crayfish, The results are discussed with regard to the spatial distribution of the organisms around Miamisburg and the tissue distribution within the animals, 1974, INTRODUCTION "Plutonium in Aquatic Biota of the Great Miami River Watershed, Ohio." Radiological and Environmental Research Division Annual Report, ANL-75-3-III, Part III, January—December 1974, Laboratory. pp. 78-86. Argonne National Wayman, C. W., G. E, Bartelt, andS, E. Groves, 1975. "Further Investigations of Plutonium in Aquatic Biota of the Great Miami River Watershed Including the Canal and Ponds in Miamisburg, Ohio." Radiological and Environmental Research Division Annual Report, ANL75-60-III]. Part IH. Laboratory. January—December 1975, Argonne National pp. 23—27, Yaguchi, E. M., D. M. Nelson, and J, 8. Marshall. 1973a,. “Plutonium in Lake Michigan Plankton and Benthos," Radiological and Environmental Research Division Annual Report. December 1973. ANL-8060-III. Argonne National Laboratory. Part III. January— pp. 18—26, 10. Yaguchi, E. M., D. M. Nelson, and J. S. Marshall. 1973b, "Plutonium and Other Radionuclides in Biota Near the Big Rock Point Nuclear Plant." Radiological and Environmental Research Division Annual Report. ANL8060-III. PP Part HI, . 32-35, January—December 1973. 516 Because of public concem over the toxicity of plutonium and the possibility of biomagnification of radionuclides in food chains, we are studying the distribution of 238py and 239,240pu in the fish and invertebrates of the Great Miami River watershed. These studies are intended to determine if riverine organisms have the same kind of food chain discrimination against plutonium from fallout or industrial wastes as organisms from oceans, lakes and ponds. The Great Miami River basin in southwestern Ohio represents a moderate size watershed in a temperate climate. Land use if predominantly agricul- tural, except for a heavily industrialized corridor along the river between Dayton and Cincinnati, The Great Miami River is approximately 260 km long from its source in Indian Lake to {ts confluence with the Ohio River west of Cincinnatl. Three primary isotopes of plutonium are present in the river basin, The major isotopes in fallout and fairly evenly distributed throughout the watershed are 239py and 240py, which are analytically indistinguishable, Argonne National Laboratory. 517 Some