<500
<1,000
<5,000
<20,000

pci/kg
pCi/kg
pCi/kg
pCi/kg

-

reticulum sediment
rumen fluid
rumen vegetation
skin and hair

100

As shown in Figure L (from Smith et al., 1976c), the plutontum-239/plutonium-738

ratios in the tissues of sacrificed cattle were generally less than the ratio
of 42 observed in ingesta from fistulated steers grazing the inner compound of
Area 13, which tends to support the hypothesis that plutonium-238 is more
readily assimilated.
A plutonium-239 retention factor of 0.00056% for bone +
muscle + liver was calculated on the basis of ingesta activities (Smith et
al., 1976c). This factor was verified by two different statistical approaches
by other investigators (Gilbert et al., 1976).

As shown in Table 2, other animals sampled from the study area included two
goats, three foxes, one coyote, and a jackrabbit.
Data from the tissues of
these animals indicate that levels in most of the tissues fell within the same
Tanges as from the cattle. However, concentrations were higher in the muscle
of the goat and in the muscle, liver, and kidney tissues of the predators.
The collection of soil sediments from the ingesta of both fistulated steers
and from a sacrificed cow indicated that less than 0.5 kg of soil was ingested
daily.
The last animals grazing the Area 13 range were sacrificed, necropsied, and
sampled in January and March of 1976. When available, the data from these
animals should allow a more definitive comparison of levels found in nearly
identical animals (two cow-calf pairs) who spent their entire lives within two
contaminated environments of different magnitude.
Of intense interest also
are data from the gonads of animals (male and female) bred and bom within the
study area. Additional data will be available on the placenta transfer of
actinides, Tissues from the last of the original cows will furnish information
as to whether the actinide tissue levels have reached equilibrium within the
j-year grazing period.

N --

2id1XYAS
N

< |

It was found that actinides crossed the placental barrier and were deposited
in fetal tissue at nearly the same levels as found in the dam's corresponding
tissues.
Actinide concentrations in the gonads (both male and female) were greater than
that found in most other soft tissues, e,g., the median plutonium-239 value in
the gonads was approximately 25 times greater than that of muscle (Smith,
1976b).
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, similar relationships were found in
tissues from cattle grazing near the Rocky Flats plant in Colorado (Smith and
Black, 1975),
While it must be remembered that the data base from both of
these herds is small, the data do tend to support the work of others who have
noted higher gonadal concentrations in other species (Takizawa, 1973; Krey and
Bogen, 1962; Morrow et al., 1967).
Other workers have noted insignificant
gonadal concentration (Richmond and Thomas, 1974).
Perhaps a more definite
trend may be apparent when the analytical data from gonads of the 1976 Area 13
cattle become available,

: ae

2

.

|
|

\

\

$5

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N

a

N

A

\

So

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N

1x

NN

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0.1

BEN - - RATIO IN INGESTA

BONE
LUNG
LIVER MUSCLE
AREA 13 CATTLE MJ NTS CATTLEN

Fig.

1.

Ranges of
cattle.

2395, /238

Pu ratio in tissue from Area 13 vs. NTS

4ll

Select target paragraph3