Health Physics Pergamon Press 1972. Vol. 22 (March), pp. 245-250. Printed in Northern Ireland

IRON-55 IN RONGELAP PEOPLE, FISH AND SOILS
T. M.

BEASLEY,* E. E. HELD

Laboratory of Radiation Ecology, College of Fisheries, University of Washington,
Seattle, Washington

407871

and
R.

M.

CONARD

Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, L.I., New York
(Received 5 February 1971; in revisedform 12 April 1971)

ve

Abstract—The **Fe body burdens for 60 residents of Rongelap Atoll are reported. The
measured burdens are approximately 3 times higher than those ofa similar numberofresidents

from ‘Vokai-mura, Japan. Since previous measurements in 1966 revealed substantial *°Fe body
burdens in Japanese residents, the current Rongclapese **Fe body burdens pose interesting
questions.

INTRODUCTION

SINCE 1965, the distribution of *5Fe in the biosphere has been studied both in the United
States and in the Scandinavian countries,
Initially, ®*le concentrations: were determined
in Alaskan Eskimos, residents of Richland,
Washington, and in representative foodstuffs of
both.@ Subsequently, ®*ie concentrations in
environmental samples and in residents of
Finland™ and Swedenwere reported which
generally confirmed the findings of the earlier
study. Additional research shows that (i)
marine organisms and people whose diet is

largely scafood contain the highest concen-

trations in 1966 and continue to decrease.'%7)

JAAKKOLA'! has recently presented an excellent
summary of the measurements of 55Fe in
includes

a

We determined the **Fe body burdens of

* Present address: Environmental Sciences Branch,
Division of Biology and Medicine, U.S. Atomic
Energy Commission, Washington D.C. 20545.

the dicts of males or females. Thus, the deter-

mination of °5Fe in this population is of interest

for comparison with other maritime cultures.

Second, Rongelap Atoll received high-level

fallout following the detonation of a thermonuclear device at Bikini Atoll in 1954.00 We

considered it probable that retention of ®5Fe

ai the atoll from that event, coupled with input
from world wide fallout from large-scale

METHODS AND ‘TECHNIQUES

valuable

natives at Rongelap Atoll in the Marshall
Islands. Onur interest in this particular population derives from two important considerations.
First, the Rongelapese are a maritime culture,
and they derive a large portion of their dict
from the sea.Prominent in this diet are the

‘There are no apparent qualitative differences in

to elevated concentrations of 5*Fe in marine
species in the Rongelapese diet and therefore
unusual body burdens of this radionuclide in
Rongelap residents.

the **Fe levels in people reached peak concen-

which

Estimates of fish consumption vary, but daily

intakes between 75-150 g appear reasonable.

nuclear device testing in 1961-1962 might lead

trations of **Fe;“) (ii) residents of the northern
hemisphere have higher *5Fe body burdens than
those of the southern hemisphere;") and (iii)

Finnish Lapps
bibliography.

reef fishes; goatfish (Mudloidicthys, sp.), mullet
( Neomyxus, sp.) and surgeon-fish (Acanthurus, sp.).

‘The method of separation of 95Fe wasidentical
to that previously described.“ The counting
technique was changed slightly; a gas filled
(Xe) proportional counter operating in anticoincidence with an umbrella of nine Geiger—
Miller tubes was used to detect the 5.9-keV

A-ray emitted in the clectron capture decay of
*°Ie. Pulses from the proportional counter
were recorded in a 512-channel multichannel
analyzer. The detection system was surrounded
by 4in. of lead shielding and the resultant background counting rate under the

**I'e

photopeak

was

1.7.

counts/min7,

24 5

ye

ge

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