"exposed at less tian 10 years of age, had nodules (68%). In addition, here were two boys with hypothyroidism in that group who had previously snown considerable growth retardation. These boys have improved on thyroid hormone therapy instituted six months ago. Six Rongelap people with nodules have been operated upon, 5 children in whom the nodules proved to be benign and one woman who had cancer of the thyroid. The latter case is now doing well. "Of interest was the absence of thyroid abnormalities in the 60 Utirik children examined who were in the same age range of the highincidence group of Rongelap-exposed children, but who had received considerably less exposure. "Five of the Rongelap thyroid cases will be brought to the Medical Research Center at Brookhaven National Laboratory in May 1966, for further evaluation and possible surgery.'"' There seems little question that the radioiodine entered the bodies of the Rongelap natives as a result of their drinking water from open cisterns. Another possible source of information on effects of radioiodine in man is experience within the continental United States resulting from fallout from atmospheric weapons tests in Nevada during the period 1951 to 1962.