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As a besis for later neesurenent of the lingering radicauctivity
resulting from these operations, a background survey was made of nsturally
occurring radioactivity in soils and plants throughout the entire test
area. At the sites of the underground and surface shots, analysis of soil
samples taken by the Beltsville Soil Laboratory at various depths down to
22 feet disclosed ebout 10 times the concentration of calcium, sodium, and
potassium normally found in arable soils.
Planning therefore included the
expectation that induced radioactivity resulting from neutron cepture by
these elements would be greater than in other soils.
Exposure of test personnel.
<A total integrated gamma dose of 3.9
roentgens over any period of 13 consecutive weeks which included the test
period was established for BUSTER-JANGLE test personnel.
This level was
based on the established standard of 0.3 roentgens per week for AEC pro-
ject personnel.
Only an emergency was considered justification for deliberate exposure beyond 3.9 roentgens. This level was exceeded in the
cases of only two persons, the highest exposure being 5.0 roentgens.
DOE ARCHIVES
Monitoring activities within 200 miles. The Test Director's radiation safety unit was assisted by monitors from the Armed Forces, the
Public Health Service, the Federal Civil Defense Administration, end several AEC laboratories; in addition, seven staff members and AEC fellows in
radiological physics from the University of Rochester assisted in evalu-
ating dust phenomena during JANGLE.
Eight mobile teams covered the erea
within a 200-rtile radius and others were essigned to nearby ccmmunities.
le md
As expected, radiation levels in populeted a areas during BUSTER rerely
attained values in excess of one-tenth millirce ntgen per hour, cr edout
five times netural background.
In e few instances levels up to ebout 10
milliroentgers per hour were observed which Geceyed to negligible vilues
within a day or two. Precise timing of the JANGLE detonations in relation
to weather conditions resulted in fell-out on populated areas mot significantly different from BUSTER. For both series, the cumulistive expcsure
which residerzs received fell fer short of the level egreed upon 2s the
Signal for carrying out evacuation plans.
Naticz-wide monitoring activities.
The New York Cperations Grfice
coordinated te procedures to measure the radicactivity resulting from the
BUSTER-JANGLE series in the etmosphere, rain, and snow througnout tne
United States.
This c?fice earlier in the year hed supervised ea sampling teitwork
to measure rezioactive fell-out in this country resulting from Creretion
GREENHOUSE et Eniwetok.
Kadioactivity nea beer measured et many places
throughout the United
States with the help of AEC laborateries enc ccn-
tractors and the Netional Association cf Fhotcgraphic Manufacturers.
The
hignest level cf fell-out recorded was et Rochester, New York, where on
oné aay the ~2ximur ectivity was 5 x ic-t° curies per scusre Fost ana of
no hezeré to nee2lth.
ese
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For the BUSTHR-JANGLE tests, the New York Cperaeticns Cilice Tur-
niched cemplezts equipment to 50 Vesther Eureau stations, each cf erick