=;

Lighe transmission, T, of a deweloped file generally 2ecreases with increased exposure.

Density, D, of a filw is defined as D = 10815 (l/r).

Figure 11.3 shows a typical relatisashia between D and Cae exposure, EL

Evi-

dent are the toe, a more-or-less straight-line portisn, and the shouller of
the curve where che density reaches a liaiting value.

The relationshia be-

tween D ami E is somewhat sensitive co the wavelength of light used.

The

teciprocicy law (which states thar density depends only on cotal exposure,

E = It, ami not intensity, I, or tine, ©) bolds fairly well for exposure tines
of interest, 7 to 200 psec.

Fila calibration procedures accounted for the

wavelength and reciprocity variations.

D-log E calibration curves were obd-

tained by exposing the film in modified Fastax streak cameras using the various
garrow-band pass filters and several slit widths.

The sun was used as a source.

Its intensity, after passing through the filter, was seasured with a black-body

receiver (Eppley thermopile).

All file was from the same emulsion oumber; new

calibration films were made at the test site and received the same handling,
storage, ani developing as the record files.

As a relative processing coatrol,

sensitometer step wedges were included at the beginning and end of each roll of
film.

These were exposed on an ECG ME VI sensitomter at 10 sec.

Figure

11.4 shows typical D-log E curves for the four wavelength regions passed by the
filters.
1L.4

RESTLTS
Curves plotted from control wedge densities indicated that processisg was

reasonably constant for any one roll of fils (Fig. 11.5}, but vas not as consistent as would be desired from fila to filo.

These differences usde direct

comparison of test records and calibration records inadvisable.

In addition,

the step wedge densities do not extend to as high densities as the actual

records.

To make the data meaningful, a sethod for obtaining a density-versus~

relative-exposure curve was developed which used only the control step wedge
densities, che known exposure difference between the four separate channels on
each streax cecord, and the density versus time of these records.
scale was obtained from calibration records,

tail in Palver's report 12

The absolute

This method is described in de-

In brief, for the calibratisn fils, che average

gtadiext over an exposure interval of 1.5 log E units is tazen so that the
line taragh the end points is tangent to the D-log E curve at the toe eod

(Fig. 11.2).

The intersection of the extension of tais line with rhe exposure

Select target paragraph3