24 (visual acuity, arcus senilis, accommodation, retinal arteriosclerosis} have been recorded.8-13.32 1. General Findings Some general observations on the eyesof the Marshallese have indicated differences from the eyes of U-S. Caucasians which may be related to ethnic background and possibly to environmental factors. The major eye findings for the past 3 years are listed in Table [4. The high incidence of pingueculae and pterygia is the most notable findinglisted in the table. This has been found by others to be characteristic of people living on lowcoral atolls in the Pacific and is thought to berelated to irritation of the eyes by coral dust, salt water, and bright sunlight. The other major findings listed were related to general aging effects (loss of visual acuity, cataract forma- uon, loss of accommodation, loss of ocular muscle balance, etc.) and these appeared to occur to a lesser degree in the Marshallese than in Americans, although the incidenceof arcus senilis and cataracts seemed higher. The Marshallese hadless myopia, aberrations of color vision, and ambly- Table 14 Ophthalmological Findings, 1970-1974 Rongelap and Ailingnae exposed (70*) Rongelap unexposed (133*) Uuirik exposed (100*) Ocular condition No. % No. % No. 70 Anisocoria Arcus senilis Argyll-Robertson pupil Chalazion i 22 1 3 1.4 31.5 1.4 4.3 0 34 0 1 0 25.5 0 0.75 0 21 0 0 ‘0 21 0 0 Congenita! defects Conjunctivitis Corneal pigment Corneal scar 2 0 0 2 3.0 0 0 3.0 0 2 0 5 0 1.50 0 3.75 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 I Enophthalmos Enucleation Glaucoma, primary Glaucoma,secondary 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0.75 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 19.5 10.5 20 17 20 17 0.75 0 1.5 0 4.5 0 0.75 31.0 0 14.0 0 LS 0 15 0 0.75 0 1 0 0 0 7 0 0 29 0 1 0 3 2 3 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 7 0 0 29 0 i 0 3 2 3 0 1 0 Choroiditis Driisen 2 3.0 2 0 0 0 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 1 Cataracts Lenticular opacities 12 9 17.0 13.0 26 14 Macular degeneration Night vision impairment Nystagmus Phthisis bulbi Pinguecula Positive Romberg Proptosis Prerygium Prosis Retinal arteriosclerosis Retinal hemorrhages Retinal scars Retinopathy, diabetic Strabismus Uveitis Vitreous opacities Xanthoma 2 0 1 1 7 1 1 17 2 11 2 2 0 2 1 2 1 3.0 0 1.4 1.4 10.0 1.4 1.4 24.0 3.0 15.7 3.0 3.0 0 3.0 1.4 3.0 1.4 1 0 2 0 6 0 I 41 0 19 0 2 0 2 0 I 0 Lens: Polychromatic sheen *Numberof people examined. 7 10.0 2 13 1.50 1.50 10.0 1 0 17 I 0 17