Order number
940330-160606-96
set 11 with 111 of
page 2
-001-001
111 items
EXPOSURE; PLUTONIUM; PUBLIC HEALTH; RADIUM; RADON; RUSSIAN
FEDERATION; THORIUM 232; THOROTRAST;WORKING CONDITIONS
EDB
Item
2
f
UCRL-JC--115100
A dose assessment for a U.S. nuclear test site -TITLE ENGLISH
Bikini Atoll
PERSONAL AUTHOR/AFFIL
Robison, W.L.; Bogen, K.T.; Conrado, C.L.
PRIMARY REPORT NUMBER
CORPORATE TEXT
PUB. DATE (YYMMDD)
LIMITATION CODE
ABSTRACT
Lawrence Livermore National Lab.,
930700
UNL
On March 1,
1954,
CA
(United States)
a nuclear weapon test,
code-named
BRAVO, conducted at Bikini Atoll in the northern
Marshall Islands contaminated the major residence
island. Here the authors provide a radiological dose
assessment for the main residence island, Bikini, using
extensive radionuclide concentration data derived from
analysis of food crops, ground water, cistern water,
fish and other marine species, animals, air, and soil
collected at Bikini Island. The unique composition of
coral soil greatly alters the relative contribution of
cesium-137 and strontium-90 to the total estimated dose
relative to expectations based on North American and
European soils. Cesium-137 produces 96% of the estimated
dose for returning residents, mostly through uptake from
the soil to terrestrial food crops but also from
external gamma exposure. The estimated maximum annual
effective dose is
4.4 mSv y{sup
{minus}1}
when imported
foods, which are now an established part of the diet,
are available. The 30-, 50-, and 70-y integral effective
doses are 10 cSv, 14 cSv, and 16 cSv, respectively. An
analysis of interindividual variability in 0- to 30-y
expected integral dose indicates that 95% of Bikini
residents would have expected doses within a factor of
3.4 above and 4.8 below the population-average value. A
corresponding uncertainty analysis showed that after
about 5 y of residence, the 95% confidence limits on
population-average dose would be {+-}35% of its expected
value. The authors have evaluated various
countermeasures to reduce
{sup 137}Cs
in food crops.
Treatment with potassium reduces the uptake of {sup
137}Cs into food crops,
and therefore the imgestion dose,
to less than 10% of pretreatment levels and has
essentially no negative environmental consequences.
BIKINI/fallout ;MAN/radiation doses ;FOOD
CHAINS/contamination ;CESIUM 137/uptake ; STRONTIUM
KEYWORDS
90/uptake
; BIKINI; FALLOUT; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; MAN;
CONTAMINATION; UPTAKE
I00343b