1.4-megaton Starfish device on 9 July 1962 over Johnston Atoll. As both
/sup 109/Cd and /sup 113m/Cd are produced during neutron activation of
stable cadmium, and /sup 109/Cd is not a fission product, the last part
of Salter’s statement is significant. The absence of /sup 109/Cd in
samples collected before 1962 indicates that all nuclear testing before
this time,
conducted at Enewetak and’ Bikini
which included all tests
Atolls in the Marshall Islands,
could have generated /sup 113m/Cd only
as a fission product. It is therefore important to recognize that /sup
113m/Cd could be present in other environments contaminated. with
fission product wastes discharged to the aquatic environment from other
nuclear facilities.
/sup 113m/Cd has a half life of 14.6 +- 0.1 y and
decays predominantly by beta-particle emission. We present here a
preliminary report of /sup 113m/Cd concentrations measured in sediment
and tissue samples of marine organisms collected around different
atolls in the Marshall Islands.;
Major Descriptors: *CADMIUM 113 -- ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT; *FISHES --
CONTAMINATION; *MOLLUSCS -- CONTAMINATION
Descriptors: AQUATIC ORGANISMS; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; FISSION PRODUCTS;
INTESTINES; ISOMERIC NUCLEI; KIDNEYS; LIVER; MARSHALL ISLANDS; MUSCLES;
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; QUANTITY RATIO; RADIONUCLIDE KINETICS;
SEDIMENTS; TISSUES
Broader Terms: ANIMALS; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES;
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BODY; CADMIUM ISOTOPES; CHEMICAL
ANALYSIS; DATA; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM; EVEN-ODD NUCLEI; GASTROINTESTINAL
TRACT; GLANDS; INFORMATION; INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI; INVERTEBRATES;
ISLANDS; ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES; ISOTOPES; MASS TRANSFER;
MATERIALS; MICRONESIA; NUCLEI; NUMERICAL DATA; OCEANIA; ORGANS;
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS; RADIOISOTOPES; STABLE ISOTOPES; VERTEBRATES;
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
Subject Categories: 520302*
-- Environment, Aquatic -- Radioactive
Materials Monitoring & Transport -- Aquatic Ecosystems & Food Chains -(-1987)
560172
Animals
10/5/855
00697865
Author(s):
-- Radiation Effects -- Nuclide Kinetics & Toxicology --
--
(-1987)
{Item 555 from file: 103)
ERA-06-004136; INS-81-000329;
Lessard,
E.T.;
Greenhouse,
EDB-81-006114
N.A.;
Miltenberger,
R.P.
Title: Reconstruction of chronic dose equivalents for Rongelap and Utirik
residents:
1954 to 1980
Corporate Source:
Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (USA)
Publication Date: Oct 1980
p 60
Report Number(s):
BNL-51257
Contract Number (DOE): AC02-76CHO00016
Availability: NTIS, PC A04/MF AOl.
Subfile:
INS
(US Atomindex input);
(Technical Information Center).
ERA
(Energy Research Abstracts);
TIC
Country of Origin: United States
Country of Publication: United States
Abstract: From June 1946 to August 1958, the US Department of Defense and
Atomic Energy Commission conducted nuclear weapons tests in the
Northern Marshall Islands. BRAVO, an aboveground test in the Castle
series, resulted in radioactive fallout contaminating Rongelap and
Utirik Atolls. On March 3, 1954, the inhabitants of these atolls were
relocated until radiation exposure rates declined to acceptable levels.
Environmental and personnel radiological monitoring programs were begun
in the mid 1950’s by Brookhaven National Laboratory to ensure that dose
equivalents received or committed remained within US Federal Radiation
Council Guidelines for members of the general public. Body burden and
dose equivalent histories along with activity ingestion patterns post
return are presented.
Dosimetric methods,
results,
and internal dose
equivalent distributions for subgroups of the population are also
described. ;
900394q
Document Type: Report
Language: English
Journal Announcement: EDB8012