Country of Publication: United States Abstract: A single 5-liter composite urine sample obtained by Brookhaven National Laboratory personnel from inhabitants of the Marshall Islands was analyzed for plutonium content using two different chemical sample preparation methods. Two of the five litters were prepared using a basic phosphate precipitation and three of the five liters were analyzed using complete dissolution of samples by wet ashing methods. In both cases these procedures were followed by separation of the plutonium by solvent extraction methods and counting by a special type of alpha liquid scintillation counting developed at ORNL called PERALS (Photon-Electron Rejecting Alpha Liquid Scintillation) spectrometry. The average plutonium concentration was 5.1 Bq/l (0.09 dpm/1) +- 10%. The advantages and disadvantages of both methods are presented and discussed.; Major Descriptors: *PLUTONIUM -- BIOASSAY; *PLUTONIUM -- RADIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; *PLUTONIUM -- RADIOECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION; *URINE -BIOASSAY; *URINE -- RADIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS Descriptors: BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION; COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS; HUMAN POPULATIONS; MARSHALL ISLANDS; PHOSPHATES; PRECIPITATION; RADIONUCLIDE KINETICS; SAMPLE PREPARATION; SCINTILLATION COUNTING; SOLVENT EXTRACTION; WET ASHING Broader Terms: ACTINIDES; BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; BIOLOGICAL WASTES; BODY FLUIDS; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; COUNTING TECHNIQUES; ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION; ELEMENTS; EXTRACTION; ISLANDS; MATERIALS; METALS; MICRONESIA; OCEANIA; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS; PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; POPULATIONS; QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; SEPARATION PROCESSES; TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS; WASTES Subject Categories: 510302* -- Environment, Terrestrial -- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport -- Terrestrial Ecosystems & Food Chains -- (-1987) 560171 -- Radiation Effects -- Nuclide Kinetics & Toxicology -- Man -(-1987) 400103 -- Radiometric & Radiochemical Procedures -- (-1987) 10/5/708 (Item 408 from file: 103) 01123365 ERA-08-009467; EDB-83-023369 Title: Technology transfer of small-scale energy technologies in the US Pacific Territories Author(s): Case, C.W. Affiliation: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA Conference Title: American section of the International Solar Energy Society conference Conference Location: Houston, Source: Proc. Annu. Meet. v 5. Coden: PMSID Publication Date: 1982 TX, - Am. USA Sect. Conference Date: Int. 1 Sol. Energy Soc. Jun 1982 (United States) p 1169-1174 Report Number(s): CONF-820629-Vol.5-Pt.2 Contract Number (DOE): W-7405-ENG-48 Document Type: Journal Article; Conference literature Language: English Journal Announcement: EPA8301 Subfile: EPA (Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis); Abstracts). » ERA (Energy Research Country of Origin: United States Abstract: From 1977 to 1981 the Department of Energy has awarded 32 grants for small-scale energy projects in the US Pacific Territories. A critical issue with these projects has been transferring the technology within the community once the project has been completed. Certain co projects are more successful at this than others. There are elements co common to projects which are the most successful in this regard. In o addition, there appear to be five different types of technology mn transfer processes. This paper identifies these processes, illustrates=> each with a case study, and points out the common elements. Perhaps cc this information can be used when designing other projects to uD facilitate technology transfer in developing countries. ; Major Descriptors: *SOLAR ENERGY -- TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER