-14Tungsten-185, with a half-life of 74 days, was produced in a number
of detonations over silica sand.
By studying this isotope it is hoped that the origin of the middle
northern hemisphere maximum of strontium- 90 fallout can be clarified,
Three main models of world-wide transport have been proposed, each

giving a different interpretation of this observed phenomenon.

Reduced

to their simplest terms, they are:

(1)

A model, described by Libby (Ref. 8), based on uniform distribution

of radioactive debris in the stratosphere.

In this model the non-uniformity

of fallout is due to non-uniform rainfall and to the contribution from lowyield tests which deposit debris in the troposphere.

The low-yiéld tests

have been mostly conducted in the middle and high latitudes of the northern
hemisphere.

This model, then, attributes a major part of the strontium-90

fallout which had occurred in the United States by late 1957 to Nevada tests
and USSR low-yield tests.
(2)

The second model, described by Machta (Ref. 6), is based on a very slow

mixing rate, both horizontally and vertically in the lower stratosphere,
together with a slow poleward circulation in both hemispheres.

In this

model material from both equatorial Pacific tests and high-latitude USSR
tests tends to drift towards higher latitudes and to enter the troposphere
non-uniformly with a maximm in the middle latitudes of both hemi spheres in
late winter and spring.

If this model is correct, the major part of the

strontium-90 fallout in the United States up to early 1958 had come from

tests in the equatorial Pacific.
(3)

DOE ARCHIVES

A third model, recently proposed by Martell (Ref. 16) is based on a

shorter stratospheric residence time for debris injected at high latitudes
than at equatorial latitudes.

This model attributes a large part of the (le

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