ACUTE RADIATION EFFECTS ON MAN
161
EFFICACY OF FUNCTIONAL
REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN DOGS AT VARIOUS DOSE LEVELS SSG
Dose-response data (30 days)
Control group
Treated group
Dose(r)
Diedjtoral
Mean survivaltime
Dose (r)
Died/coral
Mean survival time
400
9/10
16.2
400
2/10
22
420
5/5
13.4
420
2/5
24.9
460
5/5
14.0
460
1/5
30
500
5/5
12.2
500
5/5
23.4
550
5/5
10.8
550
4/5
17.8
Blood transfusions were given mainly for keeping the platelet count
above the critical level.
Transfusions were usually started when the platelet
count had been 5000 orless for 24 hours.
Blood was collected from donor
dogs in a solution of EDTA disodium salt! and immediately transfused.
Large transfusions were used to raise the haematocrit level and to minimize
the probability of repetitive transfusion producing homologoussensitization
to platelets. During the critical period, transfusions were given about every
72 hours, depending on the platelet count. If the haematocrit was high
enoughplatelet-rich plasma was given.
to combat dehydration.
Fluids were given when necessary
The control dogs developed fever 7-17 days after exposure, with a mean
of 1] days. Six of these dogs had cellulitis. Bleeding occurred on the 10th
to 14th day. Nine of the control animals died; the mean survival time was
16.2 days with a range from 12 to 22 days. Necropsies of these dogs showed
haemorrhage and infection.
In the therapy group 8 of 10 dogs recovered. One dog died from infection on day 16 and one on day 26. Up to the time when treatment was
initiated, the dogs in the therapy group showeda similarclinical picture to
those in the control group. Two representative treatment charts are shown
in Fig. 5.
They demonstrate the effectiveness of antibiotics in bringing the
fever under control and also the necessity of changing from one antibiotic to
another because of “escape” of the infection.
Transfusions of fresh blood were started on day 12 or day 13 and
resulted in significant rises in the platelet count. The half-time of the
circulating platelets was less than 24 hours, however, and transfusions had
to be repeated frequently, about every 48-72 hours. Two to five large
hal
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1 Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetra-acetate dihydrate.