Based on these resuspension studies, including mass loading, EF, and POE,
and a living pattern that places island residents in normal conditions 23 h
per day and in high-activity conditions for I h per day for their entire life,
the inhalation doses from resuspended Pu and Am are less

than

1% of the

estimated 30-y integral

bone marrow dose and about 8 to 10% of the bone

surface

latest

dose

using

the

distribution of Pu and Am.

ICRP

parameters

for

gut

transfer

and

The doses via inhalation from !37cs and 99Sr are

several orders of magnitude less (Robison et al., 1982b, 1987).
w

DISCUSSION
This

report

includes

the

information available on the radionuclide

concentrations in vegetation, soil, water, and animals at Bikini Atoll.
data

are

decay

corrected

to

year

1987

unless

stated

otherwise.

The |

The

radionuctide concentration in marine species are presented in Noshkin

et al.

(1988).

No attempt is made here to estimate potential radiological)

doses; the total estimated dose for Bikini and Eneu Islands from all exposure
pathways can be found in Robison et al. (1982b), and external exposures have
been reported in Tipton and Meibaum (1981) and Gudiksen et al. (1976).

For reference,

the terrestrial

food chain has been identified as. the

source of about 80% of the potential, total estimated dose.

The external

gamma-—exposure pathway is the second largest contributor to the total dose;
the marine-food-chain pathway,

inhalation pathway, and cistern and ground

water pathway contribute in a minor way to the total estimated dose.
Cesium-137,

through the

terrestrial

food

chain and

external

gamma

exposure, accounts for more than 90% of the estimated 30-y integral effective
dose; 90Sr accounts for about 3 to 7% of the bone marrow and bone surface
cells 30-y integral dose.

The transuranic radionuclides contribute about 2%

of the bone marrow 30-y integral dose and about 15 to 20% of the bone surface
cell dose.

SOIL
Bikini Island, the major residence island at the Atoll, has the highest

concentrations of !3/Cs in the soil and vegetation at the Atoll].
64

All other

Select target paragraph3