made. In this group also, the administration of very large doses of I 131 was warranted.” (pp. 37-38) Results on Patients, p. 41: no discernable results in most cases. January-March, 1948: Hematological Effects of Total Body Irradiation from External andInternal Sources/B.V.A. Low-Beer (R.S. Stone in charge, Project 48C) Objectives are same as those reported above. "The present report deals with the hematological changes observed in patients treated for arthritis with radioactive phosphorus administered intravenously.” 21 patients were so treated; 4 men, 17 women, between 16 to 67yrs old. (p. 41) Metabolism & Effects of Radio-lodine (I131)/Earl R. Miller: "From January | to March 31, 1948, 140 millicuries of [131 was received each month and was administered to 34 patients as follows: Tracer doses only (250 microcuries orless) ... 16, Test doses (up to 2000 microcuries per dose)... 5; Tracer and therapeutic doses ... 12; Therapeutic doses alone ... 1" (p. 46) April-June, 1948: Metabolism & Effects of Radio-Iodine (I}31)/kar! R. Miller: tables with patientinitials, date of injections, dose levels, and percent uptake; descriptions of someofthe patients. 3 patients with carcinoma of the thyroid were given high doses of radioiodine; within two months, they had developed myxedema. (pp. 42-43) July-September, 1948: The Metabolic Properties of Plutonium and Allied Materials/J.G. Hamilton, Project 48A-I: Tracer Studies/Arsenic: "The site of deposition of arsenic in the red blood cells has been investigated. the major part of the arsenic is combined with the globin fraction of the hemoglobin o the red cell and this increases with the addition of arsenic carrier. These studies are being continued in order to determine if the samesituation exists in the human asin the rat, since this method of labeling a red cell when combined with the radioautographic technique should enableone to determinethelife o the red cell in the body in normal and abnormal conditions.” (p. 5) Biological Effects of Radiations From External and Internal Sources/R.S. Stone, Project 48C: Statement of the Program. *...the Arthritic Clinic of the University of California Hospital, composed of physicians from the Medical, Orthopedic and Radiological Divisions, became interested some years agoin the effects of total body irradiation on chronic arthritics, particularly those with ankylosing spondylitis. Such patients are therefore selected for this type of treatment by physicians having no connection whatever with the Atomic Energy Commission,and their treatment and follow-upis given by physicians in their capacities as membersofthe staff of the University of California. Project 48C, a hospital portion of the Radiation Laboratory, has taken advantage of the fact that these patients were being treated in this mannerto study the effects of total body irradiation on the blood. From the inception of the program in 1942 until October 1946, the patients were treated by exposure of their whole bodiesto x-rays of various energies from 100 to 1000 kv. Starting in December 1946 radiophosphorus wasused as the source ofradiation, being given intravenously, and it has been used exclusively since that time. the last patientto be treated in this group received her final treatment on May 24, 1948." (p. 32) Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Archives and Records Office Human Radiation Experiments Search and Retrieval Project Anna Berge Research Notes Electronic DocumentTitle: Quarterlies Apmnil 4, 1994 2

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