Methods of Dose Calculation
The external cose measurements
and
calculations irom gamma-emitting
ws
aay
.
.
137 a
.
radionuclides, primarily
cS ana
50.
.
og
.
Co,
sodei caicuiates
cy factor “OF)
the dose with a quaior 1 without he use
cian factor ror nonuniform distri>urion in the bone.
distributed in the soil on
Bikini and Eneu Islands nas deen
Under these
conditions the bone marrow doses
4
described in detail.”
snouid be compared to the 0.5 rem/yr
Previous studies of the aged fall1
8
in the Marshall Islands and the
out’
guideline for members of the public
anaiytical data reported here indicate
used if mineral bone doses are cal-
chat only
60.,
’
905,
’
137o,
’
241
4.
An,
rather than the 3 rem/yr criteriale”}8
culated using an ~ factor of 5, 2915
239,240
and plutonium isotopes contribute co
The done liver doses of
the internal dose.
caiculated using the ICRP lung
The doses resuiting
19,20
from the inhalation and ingestion of
and the most recent param-
these nuclides have been calculated
eters for transfer from the lung,
using the most recent models,
across the gut wall, and for retenrion
19,21 A
transfer
coefficients, and turnover times avail-
able.
The dose from
% was based
time in the critical organs.
summary description of this model and
upon a single-exponential model with a
associated transfer and retention
biological half time of 10 da.?
coerficients is given in a recent
The
transfer across the gut to whole body
was taken as 0.3.
For 137
Cs a two-
component exponential function was
used.
paper by Martin and Bloom. °2
Table 4,
ALL of the 1376, ingested is
assumed to reach the whole body.
Of
the total 13764 reaching the body,
Disintegration energy (E) and
fractional deposition (F) in
reference organ of five major
radionuclides.
152
has a biological half time of 1 da
Whole
Body
Bone
Liver
E,
MeV
re
F
F.
1370,
0.59
-
-
1.0
The doses
905,
lel
0.3
-
-
from 905, in this report are given for
60¢4
9
0.87
_
-
0.3
and 85% has a biological half time of
115 days. 1°
The critical organ for 905,-dose
calculation is bone marrow.
bone marrow and are calculated by the
method developed bySpiers/?713 and
14
used in the UNSCEAR reports.
This
Radionuclide
239.2405,
53°
1.35(-5) 1.20(-3)
“Numbers in parentheses indicate.powers
of 10, i.e., (-5) indicates <x 107: