one
8
°
.
Table 4.10
“
:
es
.
.
.
Source of data
.
'
Characteristics
ae
s*
«
2
CHA RACTERISTICS ‘OF AVAILABLE DATA ON THE HEMATOLOGICAL,
EFFECTS OF PENETRATING RADIATION
Japanese
rLe si
Bombings")
Clinical
“as
Radiotherapy
Small
Small
-
Large
Large
Goud
Very good
Numbers in Groups
Large
Serial Counts
Count kg
1
Pechniques*
Chance of bias duc to
simpli
techniques
No |
Fair
Yor
Fair
Yos
Good
Large
Lurge
Large
Sinall
Small
Yos
No
Yeu
Yes
Yes
Intecnal
contaminition
Additional traumiu
None
None
Nont
Minimal
Note
Yes
No
Yes
Yeu
Nu
No
No
No
No
Yes
Gamma,
Hard x rays,
Gamma, neutrons,
x rays, betaa
Gamma, beta
to skin
Hard x rays,
gamma
Adequacy of Controls
“Normal”’
individuals
(burns etc.)
Species extrapolation
necessary
Type of radiation
Poor
Poor
Fair
gamma
some
neutrons
Pm
i :
5 ot
'
Goud
Fair
Poor
Dose rote
Instantaneous
~5r/min
instuntaneous
Varying,
Body region
Total body
Usually
partial body
Total and
purtial body
Total body
Total body;
beta to skin
Dosage Range
Sublethal &
Subicthal
Sublcthal &
Sublethal
Geometry
Nurrow beam
Narrow beam
Narrow beam _
360° field
Depth dose curve
Iethal
Moderate fall Variable
lethal
Rapid fall off
,
~10r/min
~5r/nr
.
=
-:
ivthal
Nurrow beam
Variable‘rapid
Essentially
fall off to
flat
flat
|
pes
—
Sublethal &
__
off
.
Yes
Yes
Yes
Usually no
Yes
:
e
cou
\
|
/
>
Good
Single exposure
*
Yous
Cand
Yor
Canad
Poor
Dosage estimation
.
Large
Antinnls el
Exposail
sage
ge
e
Marshalles
Laboratory
cdl OO
dhrtane g
veo
Accidents
be
ee
.
eo
a:
oa
*Same technicians for all counts; rigidly standardized techniques throughout etc.
}
Table 4.11
MEAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD COUNT VALUES
FOR SEVERAL CONTROL POPULATIONS (x 104)
‘
:
Source of data
Determination
1947-19488
1948-1949"
Total White Count
Neutrophiles
Lymphocytes
9.9
5.5
2.9
0.6
0.9
9.5
5.0
2.8
0.6
1.0
Q.1
Monocytes
Eosinophiles
Biasophiles
Platelets
,
anunean
Japanese Kure,
Americans®?*
7.4
4.4
2.5
0.3
0.2
0.0
Kwa}American
Miujuro
Controls
Controls
7.0
4.3
7.8
4.1
9.7
4.8
2.1
0.4
0.2
0.0
3.3
0.3
0.3
0.0
4.1
O.2
0.5
0.1
Americans
250t
238
308
*Age 21 years
tThe mean value fur 50 normal young American men, using the technique employed in the present
‘
; ; ”
study was 257,000
t
'
'
‘
‘
:
i
t
ate
a
-¢
ee