Ae one nar my fh a> PE ya , gat.me eee : Secretary Dulles then commented that HammarskjJld had just come back from the Near East with a thesis for settling Arab-Israeli hostility which Secretary Dulles said he would like very much to be able to believe in, but found it hard to do so. Hammarskj$ld argues that if we can bring about a union of the Arab states and end the insecurity in which the Arabs continually feel they live, then a mood of confidence would arise and the problem of Israel would be- | come a secondary matter of a mere boundary dispute rather than 4 primary matter--that is, a threat to the security of the Arab na' tions. Secretary Dulles repeated that he found it extremely hard to accept the validity of Hammarskj§1d's reasoning. If, indeed, the Arab nations did achieve unity, would the consequences be those suggested by Hammarskj$1d? Or, on the contrary, would a wiited Arab state feel itself strong and secure enough to destroy Israel? Moreover, @ unification of the Arab states might make Western Europe's situation with respect to oil even more serious than it now was. If the policy on the supply of oil from the Arab states to Western En‘rope were madeuniformasaresult_of oftl thetunification. ofthe Arab __. ‘from the Near East would become critical. There were thus dangers in Hammarskjéld's thesis, though he is continuing to work on it. Secretary Dulles went on to point out that one cannot always predict Soviet actions. It would appear that the Soviets have a free and open field in the Near East into which they could rush; but in point of fact, they have not moved in on the Near East as rapidly as they are capable of. They joined in the foundation of Israel and for a considerable time thereafter the Soviets backed the Israelis. Then they modified their policy and assumed a neutral position between Israel and the Arab states. Then, three or four years ago, they changed agein, and adopted an out-and-out pro-Arab position. In brief, the situation in the Near East was too uncertain to permit us to say that we are doomed. because at this time we cannot perceive a clear-cut and immediate course of action to settle this great problem of Arab-Israeli hostilities. General Cutler explained the Planning Board's view of Arab unity, pointing out that the Plenning Board recommendation would apply to unification only of the Arab states within the Arab peninsula. The Planning Board felt that if we could achieve such a unification, the interests of the United States would be better served if and when the present pro-Western Areb regimes fell. Secretary Dulles replied that he was not saying that the State Department opposed moves in the direction of Arab unity; but the State Department wanted to be very careful that we did not end up by uniting the Arab states against the United States and the West. Ff a’ -8- TENE fr Ye Wy do lodayfeseah ©. TOP SECRET i

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